Bibliography
Lewis, John, and Michael D'Orso. 2009. Walking with the Wind: A Memoir of the Movement. New York, NY: Simon & Schuster, 1998. n. pag. Print.
A quote from this memoir was used on the turning point page. It was John Lewis' reaction to the passage of the Voting Rights Act, which showed that it was the finest hour of the civil rights movement.
Lewis, John. Across That Bridge: Life Lessons and a Vision for Change. New York: Hyperion, 2012. Print.
It was helpful to read this book to understand the intensity of the Civil Rights Movement not only from an eyewitness but from a civil rights leader and an activist himself.
The Voting Rights Act of 1965. 32nd ed. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Commission on Civil Rights, 1965. Print.
This was the most beneficial book, giving us a wide range of information, from background to impact, and future. The trigger formula, or section 4 of the Voting Rights Act, was explained in this book. A picture of it was used on the turning point page in the slideshow, about the enforcement of the different sections of the Voting Rights Act.
A quote from this memoir was used on the turning point page. It was John Lewis' reaction to the passage of the Voting Rights Act, which showed that it was the finest hour of the civil rights movement.
Lewis, John. Across That Bridge: Life Lessons and a Vision for Change. New York: Hyperion, 2012. Print.
It was helpful to read this book to understand the intensity of the Civil Rights Movement not only from an eyewitness but from a civil rights leader and an activist himself.
The Voting Rights Act of 1965. 32nd ed. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Commission on Civil Rights, 1965. Print.
This was the most beneficial book, giving us a wide range of information, from background to impact, and future. The trigger formula, or section 4 of the Voting Rights Act, was explained in this book. A picture of it was used on the turning point page in the slideshow, about the enforcement of the different sections of the Voting Rights Act.
"8 Alabama Areas Sue on Vote Rolls." The New York Times 11 Aug. 1965: n. pag. ProQuest Historical Newspapers: The New York Times (1851-2009). ProQuest. Web. 20 Jan. 2013.
This newspaper article used on the turning point page, shows that Alabama wants to bring back the literacy tests; thus it is opposition against the Voting Rights Act.
This newspaper article used on the turning point page, shows that Alabama wants to bring back the literacy tests; thus it is opposition against the Voting Rights Act.
"A Million New Negro Voters." March of the Week 16 Aug. 1965: n. pag. U.S News and World Report. Library of Congress. Web. 05 May 2013.
This newspaper article was published soon after the signing of the Voting Rights Act of 1965. We used the headline and the picture of LBJ signing the act into law in our Turning Point page.
"Alabama Judge Bans Voting Act." The New York Times 19 Oct. 1965: n. pag. ProQuest Historical Newspapers: The New York Times (1851-2009). ProQuest. Web. 20 Jan. 2013.
This article was used as opposition towards the Voting Rights Act on the turning point page. It talks about how an Alabama judge declared the Voting Rights Act unconstitutional.
This newspaper article was published soon after the signing of the Voting Rights Act of 1965. We used the headline and the picture of LBJ signing the act into law in our Turning Point page.
"Alabama Judge Bans Voting Act." The New York Times 19 Oct. 1965: n. pag. ProQuest Historical Newspapers: The New York Times (1851-2009). ProQuest. Web. 20 Jan. 2013.
This article was used as opposition towards the Voting Rights Act on the turning point page. It talks about how an Alabama judge declared the Voting Rights Act unconstitutional.
Brant, Irving. "LBJ Reinstates the 15th Amendment." The Washington Post, Times Herald 8 Aug. 1965: E1. ProQuest Historical Newspapers. Web. 08 May 2013.
This newspaper article provided us with the historical background of the 15th amendment. It also listed the timeline of political events that led up to the signing of the Voting Rights Act of 1965. We used this headline in our Turning Point page.
This newspaper article provided us with the historical background of the 15th amendment. It also listed the timeline of political events that led up to the signing of the Voting Rights Act of 1965. We used this headline in our Turning Point page.
"Bush Signs Voting Rights Act Extension amid Midterm Election Season." USA Today 27 July 2006: n. pag. Print.
We used a quote from the newspaper article which talked about President Bush signing the bill to extend the Voting Rights Act for 25 years. We used this quote on our Extensions to the Voting Rights Act page.
We used a quote from the newspaper article which talked about President Bush signing the bill to extend the Voting Rights Act for 25 years. We used this quote on our Extensions to the Voting Rights Act page.
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Opinion; May 17, 1954; Records of the Supreme Court of the United States; Record Group 267; National Archives.
This source showed us the importance of the Brown vs. Board decision and how it served as a catalyst for the Civil Rights Act of 1964. It was the first step towards desegregation and a major milestone in the Civil Rights Movement. This source helped to describe what was going on in the fight for freedom about the same time as the fight for the vote.
This source showed us the importance of the Brown vs. Board decision and how it served as a catalyst for the Civil Rights Act of 1964. It was the first step towards desegregation and a major milestone in the Civil Rights Movement. This source helped to describe what was going on in the fight for freedom about the same time as the fight for the vote.
Califano, Joseph A., Jr. "Seeing Is Believing - The Enduring Legacy of Lyndon Johnson." Keynote Address , Centennial Celebration for President Lyndon Baines Johnson. LBJ Library, 19 May 2008. Web. 18 Mar. 2013.
We used quotes from this keynote address by Joe Califano, the Special Assistant to LBJ on the slideshow about President Johnson in the Time is Right page.
We used quotes from this keynote address by Joe Califano, the Special Assistant to LBJ on the slideshow about President Johnson in the Time is Right page.
Christopher, Warren M. "JSTOR." The Voting Rights Act of 1965 18.No. 1 (1965): 1-26. Print.
This primary source journal, used on the turning point page, explained that due to the frustrated enforcement techniques of previous legislation that enforced voting rights, there are more subtle discriminatory detection devices for the Voting Rights Act of 1965
This primary source journal, used on the turning point page, explained that due to the frustrated enforcement techniques of previous legislation that enforced voting rights, there are more subtle discriminatory detection devices for the Voting Rights Act of 1965
Cotrell, Charles L. "JSTOR." Assessing the Effects of the U.S.Voting Rights Act 16.No, 4 (1986): 5-16. Print.
This journal article, used on the turning point page, showed that previous rights legislation failed, and that due to the unsuccessful efforts of securing black voting rights, the voting rights act was passed.
This journal article, used on the turning point page, showed that previous rights legislation failed, and that due to the unsuccessful efforts of securing black voting rights, the voting rights act was passed.
Council Of Federated Organizations. Mississippi Freedom Summer. n.p.: Council Of Federated Organizations, n.d. Civil Rights Movement Veterans. Web. 23 Nov. 2012.
This brochure was helpful in identifying the different activities conducted by the COFO during Freedom Summer such as freedom schools, voter registration and community centers. This brochure clearly explained these activities in an easy and whimsical way. It is also a primary source document from Freedom Summer so it provides a more authentic feel to the page.
This brochure was helpful in identifying the different activities conducted by the COFO during Freedom Summer such as freedom schools, voter registration and community centers. This brochure clearly explained these activities in an easy and whimsical way. It is also a primary source document from Freedom Summer so it provides a more authentic feel to the page.
"Court Rules Narrowly on Voting Rights Act Challenge." Oyez Today. N.p., 22 June 2009. Web. 20 Dec. 2012.
From this article, we learned about the debate over the Voting Rights Act. We used a quote by Judge Clarence Thomas, from this article on our Controversy over Section 5 page.
From this article, we learned about the debate over the Voting Rights Act. We used a quote by Judge Clarence Thomas, from this article on our Controversy over Section 5 page.
Drummond, Roscoe. "Voting, Rights Fight ...: States' Rights Loss Possible." The Washington Post [Washington D.C.] 12 Feb. 1965: A22. ProQuest. Web. 19 Mar. 2013.
We used a quote from this article which showed that in 1965, the time was right for the Voting Rights Act to pass as it had support of the Congress, the country and the courts. We used this quote at the top of the Time was Right page.
We used a quote from this article which showed that in 1965, the time was right for the Voting Rights Act to pass as it had support of the Congress, the country and the courts. We used this quote at the top of the Time was Right page.
File, Thom. The Diversifying Electorate—Voting Rates by Race and Hispanic Origin in 2012 (and Other Recent Elections). Rep. United States Census Bureau, 2013. Print.
This report provides analysis of the increasingly diverse American electorate, specifically for presidential elections since 1996, with particular focus given to the patterns of voter turnout by race. It shows that for the first time, in the 2012 Presidential elections, the black voter turnout rate was higher that the whites. We used this information on the Impact-The Numbers page.
This report provides analysis of the increasingly diverse American electorate, specifically for presidential elections since 1996, with particular focus given to the patterns of voter turnout by race. It shows that for the first time, in the 2012 Presidential elections, the black voter turnout rate was higher that the whites. We used this information on the Impact-The Numbers page.
Gerald R. Ford: "Remarks Upon Signing a Bill Extending the Voting Rights Act of 1965.," August 6, 1975. Online by Gerhard Peters and John T. Woolley, The American Presidency Project.
We used some quotes from President Ford's statement on the signing of the bill extending the Voting Rights Act for another seven years. We used this information on the Extensions of the Voting Rights Act page.
We used some quotes from President Ford's statement on the signing of the bill extending the Voting Rights Act for another seven years. We used this information on the Extensions of the Voting Rights Act page.
"Goldwater Hits Vote-Right Bill." The New York Times 2 Apr. 1965: n. pag. ProQuest Historical Newspapers: The New York Times (1851-2009). ProQuest. Web. 20 Jan. 2013.
This article shows Senator Barry Goldwater's opposition towards the passage of the Voting Rights Act, and is used on the turning point page.
This article shows Senator Barry Goldwater's opposition towards the passage of the Voting Rights Act, and is used on the turning point page.
Humes, Karen R., Nicholas A. Jones, and Roberto R. Ramirez. "Overview of Race and Hispanic Origin 2010." 2010 Census Briefs. United States Census Bureau, Mar. 2011. Web. 10 Jan. 2013.
We used information from the United States Census report on Race and Hispanic Origin on our Political Impact page to show that demographics are shifting and this may cause the political pendulum to swing.
Isaacson, Walter. "Pondering the Voting Rights Act." Time 11 May 1981: n. pag. Time. Web. 05 May 2013.
This TIME magazine article discussed the extension of the Voting Rights Act of 1965. Maynard Jackson was interviewed in this article and we used his quote on the Turning Point page.
We used information from the United States Census report on Race and Hispanic Origin on our Political Impact page to show that demographics are shifting and this may cause the political pendulum to swing.
Isaacson, Walter. "Pondering the Voting Rights Act." Time 11 May 1981: n. pag. Time. Web. 05 May 2013.
This TIME magazine article discussed the extension of the Voting Rights Act of 1965. Maynard Jackson was interviewed in this article and we used his quote on the Turning Point page.
Jackson, Mrs. E. "Letter from Mrs. E. Jackson in Favor of Voting Rights." Letter to House Judiciary Committee. 8 Mar. 1964. National Archives. Web. 29 Mar. 2013.
This was a letter that Mrs. E. Jackson wrote to the House Judiciary Committee the day after Bloody Sunday in Selma, Alabama in support of voting rights. We used this letter on the Time Was Right page to show the nation's desire for voting rights.
This was a letter that Mrs. E. Jackson wrote to the House Judiciary Committee the day after Bloody Sunday in Selma, Alabama in support of voting rights. We used this letter on the Time Was Right page to show the nation's desire for voting rights.
Jeffert, Mrs. Bertram. "Letter from Mrs. Bertram Jeffert in Favor of the Voting Rights Act." Letter. 30 Mar. 1965. National Archives. Web. 29 Mar. 2013.
This letter was from Mrs. Bertram Jeffert urging support of the Voting Rights Act of 1965.
This letter was from Mrs. Bertram Jeffert urging support of the Voting Rights Act of 1965.
Jenkins Moorer, Lizelia A. The Negro Ballot. Rep. n.p.: University of Michigan: Humanities Text Initiative, 1907. Print.
This is a poem written in 1907 that represents the injustice of denying Negros the right to vote. We used the inspirational themes and quotes from this poem throughout our website.
This is a poem written in 1907 that represents the injustice of denying Negros the right to vote. We used the inspirational themes and quotes from this poem throughout our website.
King, Martin Luther, Jr. "Hosea Williams' SCLC Voter Registration Department Report." The Martin Luther King Jr. Center for Nonviolent Social Change. The King Center, 6 Feb. 1968. Web. 28 Jan. 2013.
We used portions of the Bi-Annual report published on Feb 6th, 1968 by the SCLC Voter Registration Department which shows the list of the states that the Voter Education Program targeted.
We used portions of the Bi-Annual report published on Feb 6th, 1968 by the SCLC Voter Registration Department which shows the list of the states that the Voter Education Program targeted.
"Letters to the Editor of The Times." The New York Times 30 May 1965: n. pag. ProQuest Historical Newspapers: The New York Times (1851-2009). ProQuest. Web. 20 Jan. 2013.
Parts of this article were used on the turning point page, and show how a citizen was opposed to the passage of the Voting Rights Act.
Parts of this article were used on the turning point page, and show how a citizen was opposed to the passage of the Voting Rights Act.
"Louisiana Moves Against Vote Act." The New York Times 22 Dec. 1965: n. pag. ProQuest Historical Newspapers: The New York Times (1851-2009). ProQuest. Web. 20 Jan. 2013.
This article shows the opposition against the Voting Rights Act, where Louisiana declared the Voting Rights Act unconstitutional in the way it was written and applied.
This article shows the opposition against the Voting Rights Act, where Louisiana declared the Voting Rights Act unconstitutional in the way it was written and applied.
Marlow, James. "Warren Court Works on Unresolved Issues to Liberalize U.S. Life." The Fort Scott Tribune. n.p., 16 June 1967. Web. 19 Mar. 2013.
We used a quote from this article which showed that the Warren court was wiling to confront issued that had been unresolved for many years.
We used a quote from this article which showed that the Warren court was wiling to confront issued that had been unresolved for many years.
Mintz, Morton. "U.S. Sues to Abolish Poll Tax in Three States." Washington Post 11 Aug. 1965: n. pag. Washington Post. ProQuest, 11 Aug. 1965. Web. 22 Mar. 2013.
This article talked about how the Voting Rights Act triggered lawsuits in three states to get poll taxes abolished in state elections. We used the headline from this article on the Voting Rights Act of 1965 page.
This article talked about how the Voting Rights Act triggered lawsuits in three states to get poll taxes abolished in state elections. We used the headline from this article on the Voting Rights Act of 1965 page.
Pomfret, John D. "Justices Rule 9-0." The New York Times. N.p., 9 Mar. 1965. Web. 20 Mar. 2013.
We used a clip from this article which shows that right before the Voting Rights Act passed, court cases like the one in Louisiana banning poll taxes were paving the way for eliminating voting barriers. A personal interview we did with civil rights leader Robert Moses also explained the importance of the Supreme Court decisions in this time period.
We used a clip from this article which shows that right before the Voting Rights Act passed, court cases like the one in Louisiana banning poll taxes were paving the way for eliminating voting barriers. A personal interview we did with civil rights leader Robert Moses also explained the importance of the Supreme Court decisions in this time period.
"President Truman Wipes Out Segregation in Armed Forces." Chicago Defender 31 July 1948: n. pag. Print.
This newspaper shows how President Truman desegregated the army during World War II. This was a key event during which stimulated the Civil Rights Movement, therefore we used it on the Rekindling the Fire page.
This newspaper shows how President Truman desegregated the army during World War II. This was a key event during which stimulated the Civil Rights Movement, therefore we used it on the Rekindling the Fire page.
Rangel, Charles B. "The 40th Anniversary of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 - (Extensions of Remarks - July 27, 2005)." Speech. House of Representatives, Washington DC. 25 July 2005. Project VoteSmart. Web. 06 May 2013.
Representative Rangel gave this speech at the 40th anniversary of the Voting Rights Act of 1965. We used a quote from this speech in our turning point page.
Representative Rangel gave this speech at the 40th anniversary of the Voting Rights Act of 1965. We used a quote from this speech in our turning point page.
Richard Nixon: "Statement on Signing the Voting Rights Act Amendments of 1970." June 22, 1970. Online by Gerhard Peters and John T. Woolley, The American Presidency Project.
We used some quotes from President Nixon's statement on the signing of the Voting Rights Act Amendments of 1970 on our Turning points page to show that the Voting Rights Act was extended by multiple administrations. President Nixon was reluctant to sign the bill, because it had a provision to bring down the Voting age to 18. But he believed that the temporary provisions in the original Voting Rights Act needed to be extended.
We used some quotes from President Nixon's statement on the signing of the Voting Rights Act Amendments of 1970 on our Turning points page to show that the Voting Rights Act was extended by multiple administrations. President Nixon was reluctant to sign the bill, because it had a provision to bring down the Voting age to 18. But he believed that the temporary provisions in the original Voting Rights Act needed to be extended.
Ronald Reagan: "Remarks on Signing the Voting Rights Act Amendments of 1982 ," June 29, 1982. Online by Gerhard Peters and John T. Woolley, The American Presidency Project.
We used some quotes from President Reagan's statement on the signing of the Voting Rights Act Amendments of 1970 on our Turning points page to show that the Voting Rights Act was extended by multiple administrations. President Reagan extended Voting Rights Act by 25 years.
We used some quotes from President Reagan's statement on the signing of the Voting Rights Act Amendments of 1970 on our Turning points page to show that the Voting Rights Act was extended by multiple administrations. President Reagan extended Voting Rights Act by 25 years.
S. 1564, 89 Cong., U.S. Commission on Civil Rights (1965) (enacted). Web.
This document from ourdocuments.gov is a online version of the original Voting Rights Act of 1965.
This document from ourdocuments.gov is a online version of the original Voting Rights Act of 1965.
S. 596 (1979) (enacted). Web.
From the Congressional Anti-Gerrymandering Act of 1979 text, we were able to gain more information on gerrymandering, and learned that racial gerrymandering is prohibited. We were able to see this bill on the Library of Congress webpage.
From the Congressional Anti-Gerrymandering Act of 1979 text, we were able to gain more information on gerrymandering, and learned that racial gerrymandering is prohibited. We were able to see this bill on the Library of Congress webpage.
Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee. Mississippi Summer Project. N.p.: Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee, n.d. Civil Rights Movement Veterans. Web. 23 Nov. 2012.
This brochure was helpful in understanding what the Freedom Summer Project was about. It gave us information about the goals of the project, background and activities that had been planned. We used an excerpt about the goals to enhance the page by including it as a primary source to provide evidence for our claims.
This brochure was helpful in understanding what the Freedom Summer Project was about. It gave us information about the goals of the project, background and activities that had been planned. We used an excerpt about the goals to enhance the page by including it as a primary source to provide evidence for our claims.
"The Gerrymander. A New Species of Monster." Boston Gazette 26 Mar. 1812: 2. American Treasures of the Library of Congress. 27 July 2010. Web. 1 Jan. 2013.
This document, is an old newspaper article with an article about gerrymandering. It was printed around the time that this process was given its name in 1812. This primary source document as contained a cartoon depicting gerrymandering. We found an easier to read version of this original cartoon to put on our Current Barriers to Voting page, and we used this document for background information.
This document, is an old newspaper article with an article about gerrymandering. It was printed around the time that this process was given its name in 1812. This primary source document as contained a cartoon depicting gerrymandering. We found an easier to read version of this original cartoon to put on our Current Barriers to Voting page, and we used this document for background information.
The.Gov. Redistricting: Drawing the Lines. N.p.: PBS, Winter 2012. PDF.
This PDF from PBS; the.News, and the.Gov was extremely helpful in gaining background knowledge about gerrymandering. We used a quote from this PDF on our Current Barriers to Voting Page under Gerrymandering, to show that gerrymandering based solely on race is prohibited.
This PDF from PBS; the.News, and the.Gov was extremely helpful in gaining background knowledge about gerrymandering. We used a quote from this PDF on our Current Barriers to Voting Page under Gerrymandering, to show that gerrymandering based solely on race is prohibited.
"The Fifteenth Amendment" Daily National Republican. Library Of Congress, n.d. Web. 25 Nov. 2012.
This newspaper from 1870, "Daily National Republican", describes the fifteenth amendment and gave us insight into how people back then saw the passing of the fifteenth amendment.
This newspaper from 1870, "Daily National Republican", describes the fifteenth amendment and gave us insight into how people back then saw the passing of the fifteenth amendment.
United States. Commission on Civil Rights. The Voting Rights Act: 10 Years Later. n.p.: n.p.,Jan 1975. Historical Publications of the United States Commission on Civil Rights. University of Maryland School of Law, Jan. 1975. Web. 10 Jan. 2013.
We used a quote from the report filed by the Commission on Civil Rights which showed the progress made by blacks in Congress because of the Voting Rights Act. This report was done in 1975, 10 years after the Voting Rights Act was passed. This quote is used on the Impact - Numbers page.
We used a quote from the report filed by the Commission on Civil Rights which showed the progress made by blacks in Congress because of the Voting Rights Act. This report was done in 1975, 10 years after the Voting Rights Act was passed. This quote is used on the Impact - Numbers page.
"Voting Rights Act of '65 Resulted From Failure of Previous Laws." The New York Times 7 Aug. 1965: n. pag. ProQuest Historical Newspapers: The New York Times (1851-2009). ProQuest. Web. 20 Jan. 2013.
Parts of this article from The New York Times, used on the turning point page, shows that the Voting Rights Act resulted from the failures of previous civil rights legislation.
Parts of this article from The New York Times, used on the turning point page, shows that the Voting Rights Act resulted from the failures of previous civil rights legislation.
W.E.B. Du Bois Papers (MS 312). Special Collections and University Archives, W.E.B. Du Bois Library, University of Massachusetts Amherst.
This speech given by W.E.B. Du Bois, showed how African Americans used the international pressure from discrimination in the South to shame America. This put the country under pressure and played a important role in turning protests into legislation. We used this information from Du Bois speech on the Rekindling the Fire page in the Historical Context.
This speech given by W.E.B. Du Bois, showed how African Americans used the international pressure from discrimination in the South to shame America. This put the country under pressure and played a important role in turning protests into legislation. We used this information from Du Bois speech on the Rekindling the Fire page in the Historical Context.
"Andrew Jackson Young." Andrew Jackson Young Jr., Representative from Georgia. Black Americans in Congress, n.d. Web. 10 Jan. 2013.
We used the image of Andrew Young from this website on our Impact page. The image is courtesy of National Archives and Records Administration. Andrew Young was a senior aide to Martin Luther King, Jr., in the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) during the 1960s and a proponent of non-violent resistance.He was sworn in to Congress in 1973.
We used the image of Andrew Young from this website on our Impact page. The image is courtesy of National Archives and Records Administration. Andrew Young was a senior aide to Martin Luther King, Jr., in the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) during the 1960s and a proponent of non-violent resistance.He was sworn in to Congress in 1973.
Andrew Young. Digital image. International Civil Rights Wall of Fame. Nps.gov, n.d. Web. 31 Jan. 2013.
We interviewed Ambassador Young at the LBJ library in Austin. We used this image of him on our Interviews page.
We interviewed Ambassador Young at the LBJ library in Austin. We used this image of him on our Interviews page.
Barry Goldwater. Digital image. STATES IN THE SENATE Arizona. N.p., 15 Apr. 1960. Web. 26 Jan. 2013.
This picture of Senator Barry Goldwater was used on the turning point page.
This picture of Senator Barry Goldwater was used on the turning point page.
Bettmann/Corbis. 1954: Students in an Integrated Classroom in Fort Myer, Va., the Year of Brown v. Board of Education. 1954. Photograph. New York Times. Integration Milestones. New York Times. Web. 5 Dec. 2012.
This is a picture an integrated classroom in 1954, the year Brown Vs Board of Education ended segregation in classrooms. This picture was used in the Prior Legislation page.
This is a picture an integrated classroom in 1954, the year Brown Vs Board of Education ended segregation in classrooms. This picture was used in the Prior Legislation page.
Block, Herbert. "Literacy Test." Welcome! Herblock Gallery, 19 Mar. 1965. Web. 20 Jan. 2013.
This political cartoon about the literacy tests is used in the breaking barriers section of the slideshow on the turning point page.
This political cartoon about the literacy tests is used in the breaking barriers section of the slideshow on the turning point page.
"Bus to Mississippi" N.d. Photograph. Civil Rights Movement Veterans. Civil Rights Movement Veterans. Web. 02 Dec. 2012.
This picture of the Freedom Summer volunteers is an iconic symbol of this event. It helped to portray how many of the countries youth were putting race and color aside to fight for a common cause.
This picture of the Freedom Summer volunteers is an iconic symbol of this event. It helped to portray how many of the countries youth were putting race and color aside to fight for a common cause.
Civil Rights March on Washington DC. 1963. Photograph. National Archives and Records Administration, College Park, MD. Eyes On the Prize. PBS. Web. 10 Nov. 2012.
This picture of the march to Washington was used on the Prior Legislation Page to show how this was a pivotal milestone in the Civil Rights Movement an important catalyst to the signing of the Voting Rights Act of 1965.
This picture of the march to Washington was used on the Prior Legislation Page to show how this was a pivotal milestone in the Civil Rights Movement an important catalyst to the signing of the Voting Rights Act of 1965.
"Current State of Voter ID Laws across the Country." Washington Post 2 Oct. 2012: n. pag. Print.
We used a graphic from the October 2012 issue of Washington Post which showed the a map of the voter ID laws in the difference states. We used this graphic on the Current Barriers to Voting page.
We used a graphic from the October 2012 issue of Washington Post which showed the a map of the voter ID laws in the difference states. We used this graphic on the Current Barriers to Voting page.
"Draft of Speech On Passage of 1965 Voting Rights Act." The Martin Luther King Jr. Center for Nonviolent Social Change. N.p., n.d. Web. 25 Jan. 2013.
A quote from this speech was used on the turning point page, to show Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.’s reaction to the passage of the Voting Rights Act.
A quote from this speech was used on the turning point page, to show Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.’s reaction to the passage of the Voting Rights Act.
Douglas Wilder. Digital image. N.p., n.d. Web. 02 Jan. 2013.
This picture depicted Douglas "Doug" Wilder who is the first African American elected as a governor from a confederate state.
This picture depicted Douglas "Doug" Wilder who is the first African American elected as a governor from a confederate state.
Flag Carried in the Voting-rights March from Selma to Montgomery, Alabama. N.d. Photograph. The Campaign Trail. National Museum of American History. Web. 26 Dec. 2012.
This picture is of a flag that was carried during the Selma March with the words, "One Man, One Vote". We used this picture for our picture timeline, on our Home page.
This picture is of a flag that was carried during the Selma March with the words, "One Man, One Vote". We used this picture for our picture timeline, on our Home page.
"Gerald R. Ford." The White House. N.p., n.d. Web. 25 Jan. 2013.
We used a picture of President Ford from the White House page on presidents. This picture was used on the Extensions of the Voting Rights Act page.
We used a picture of President Ford from the White House page on presidents. This picture was used on the Extensions of the Voting Rights Act page.
Governor Bobby Jindal. Digital image. Office of the Governor Bobby Jindal. N.p., n.d. Web. 1 Jan. 2013.
This picture depicts the current governor of Louisiana, Bobby Jindal.
This picture depicts the current governor of Louisiana, Bobby Jindal.
Jim Crow Sign. 1931. Photograph. Louisiana Studies in Historic Preservation, Louisiana. African American Life. Louisiana Studies in Historic Preservation. Web. 2 Jan. 2013.
Based on a popular 19th century minstrel song, "Jim Crow" stereotyped the African American citizens of the United States during the century long discrimination. This picture showed us the level of segregation that existed in the Southern States during the Jim Crow Era.
Based on a popular 19th century minstrel song, "Jim Crow" stereotyped the African American citizens of the United States during the century long discrimination. This picture showed us the level of segregation that existed in the Southern States during the Jim Crow Era.
KKK Parade in Washington. N.d. Photograph. Washington D.C. Literary Digest. Washington: Literary Digest, 1925. N. pag. Print.
This picture of the Ku Klux Klan marching down Washington, shows the profound effect even the revived Klan had on the American public and how that was a major setback for African American struggles
This picture of the Ku Klux Klan marching down Washington, shows the profound effect even the revived Klan had on the American public and how that was a major setback for African American struggles
Layne's Studio. Street Rally in New York City, October 11, 1955, under Joint Sponsorship of NAACP and District 65, Retail, Wholesale and Department Store Workers Union in Protest of Slaying of Emmett Till. 1955. Photograph. Library of Congress. Library Of Congress. Web. 02 Dec. 2012
The brutal murder, on August 15th 1955, of fourteen year old Emmett Till in Mississippi triggered mass protests across the United States. Tens of thousands attended his funeral or viewed his casket and images of his mutilated body were published in black magazines and newspapers, rallying popular black support and white sympathy across the U.S. The murder highlighted the deep segregation in Mississippi.
The brutal murder, on August 15th 1955, of fourteen year old Emmett Till in Mississippi triggered mass protests across the United States. Tens of thousands attended his funeral or viewed his casket and images of his mutilated body were published in black magazines and newspapers, rallying popular black support and white sympathy across the U.S. The murder highlighted the deep segregation in Mississippi.
"Lyndon B. Johnson." The White House, n.d. Web. 31 Mar. 2013.
We used a picture of the 36th President from the White House Presidents page on the slideshow about President Johnson on the Time is Right page.
We used a picture of the 36th President from the White House Presidents page on the slideshow about President Johnson on the Time is Right page.
March Leads to Voting Rights Act. 1965. Photograph. U.S. Capitol: Visitor Center. Web. 1 Jan. 2013.
From the U.S. Capitol Visitor Center website, we were able to get this picture from the Selma March in 1965. We used this picture in our picture timeline, on our Home page.
From the U.S. Capitol Visitor Center website, we were able to get this picture from the Selma March in 1965. We used this picture in our picture timeline, on our Home page.
Martin Luther King Jr. 1964. Photograph. Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division, Washington, D.C. 20540 USA. Library of Congress. Web. 29 Jan. 2013.
The picture of Martin Luther King, Jr. from the Library of Congress is a head-and-shoulders portrait, seated, facing front, in front of American flag, at a St. Augustine, Florida press conference. We used this picture on our Impact page.
The picture of Martin Luther King, Jr. from the Library of Congress is a head-and-shoulders portrait, seated, facing front, in front of American flag, at a St. Augustine, Florida press conference. We used this picture on our Impact page.
Mauldin, Bill. "By the Way, What's the Big Word?" Cartoon. Bill Mauldin Beyond Willie And Joe. Library Of Congress, n.d. Web. 10 Nov. 2012.
This political cartoon enhanced the Literacy Test portion of the Historical Context page by adding humor and reinforcing the idea that the literacy test was very subjective and only benefited those chosen to be given the right to vote by the clerks.
This political cartoon enhanced the Literacy Test portion of the Historical Context page by adding humor and reinforcing the idea that the literacy test was very subjective and only benefited those chosen to be given the right to vote by the clerks.
Moncrief, Winfred. "Digital Archives." Mississippi Department of Archives and History. N.p., 1994. Web. 29 Jan. 2013.
This picture shows the federal examiners sent in to Mississippi, used on the turning point page, under section 3 in the slideshow.
This picture shows the federal examiners sent in to Mississippi, used on the turning point page, under section 3 in the slideshow.
Mondale, Walter Frederick. N.d. Photograph. Biographical Directory of the United State Congress. Web. 29 Jan. 2013.
We interviewed Vice President Mondale for our project and used this image along with his answers on the Interview page.
We interviewed Vice President Mondale for our project and used this image along with his answers on the Interview page.
Morris, Christopher. Swearing in of President Obama. Digital image. Time. Time, 2 Feb. 2009. Web. 2 Jan. 2013.
This Time magazine cover depicts the swearing in of President Obama, the first African American president of the United States of America.
This Time magazine cover depicts the swearing in of President Obama, the first African American president of the United States of America.
My Feet Is Tired, but My Soul Is Rested. 1955. Photograph. Civil Rights Movement Veterans. Civil Rights Movement Veterans. Web. 10 Nov. 2012.
This picture of Sister Pollard during the Montgomery Bus Boycott show how this event, one of the first forms of civil disobedience by blacks, was a huge landmark in the Civil Rights Movement. It shows how important civil rights were to African Americans since even a 70 year old woman was participating.
This picture of Sister Pollard during the Montgomery Bus Boycott show how this event, one of the first forms of civil disobedience by blacks, was a huge landmark in the Civil Rights Movement. It shows how important civil rights were to African Americans since even a 70 year old woman was participating.
Nast, Thomas. Civil Rights Act of 1875. 1904. Photograph. His Period, His Pictures. New York: Macmillan, 1904. N. pag. Print.
This picture shows how the Civil Rights Act of 1875 gave African Americans a tool to ensure opportunity. We use this cartoon on the Post Civil War page because it showed how the Civil Rights Act of 1875, temporarily gave African Americans the rights they deserved.
This picture shows how the Civil Rights Act of 1875 gave African Americans a tool to ensure opportunity. We use this cartoon on the Post Civil War page because it showed how the Civil Rights Act of 1875, temporarily gave African Americans the rights they deserved.
Nikki R. Haley. Photograph. South Carolina Office of the Governor. Web. 1 Jan. 2013.
This picture is of Nikki R. Haley, the current governor of South Carolina.
This picture is of Nikki R. Haley, the current governor of South Carolina.
Official Photo Congressman Charles Rangel. Digital image. Representative Charles Rangel NewYorks 13th District. N.p., n.d. Web. 05 May 2013.
This is a picture of Representative Charles Rangel. We used his statement made at the 40th anniversary of the VRA in the turning point page.
This is a picture of Representative Charles Rangel. We used his statement made at the 40th anniversary of the VRA in the turning point page.
Okamoto, Yoichi R. LBJ and MLK. Digital image. LBJ Library, 18 Mar. 1966. Web. 31 Mar. 2013.
We used this picture of MLK and LBJ as an icon for the Desire of the Nation on the Catalysts page.
We used this picture of MLK and LBJ as an icon for the Desire of the Nation on the Catalysts page.
Okamoto, Yoichi. Signing of the Voting Rights Act of 1965. 1965. Photograph. LBJ Library: White House Photo Office, President's Room, U.S. Capitol, Washington, DC. N.p.: n.p., n.d. N. pag. LBJ Presidential Library. Web. 21 Dec. 2012.
This picture depicts President Johnson when he was signing the Voting Rights Act of 1965, along with Rev. Abernathy, Rev. Martin Luther King, Jr., Clarence Mitchell, and Patricia Roberts Harris.
This picture depicts President Johnson when he was signing the Voting Rights Act of 1965, along with Rev. Abernathy, Rev. Martin Luther King, Jr., Clarence Mitchell, and Patricia Roberts Harris.
"Oral Histories -- Ramsey Clark." Ramsey Clark Oral Histories. LBJ Library, n.d. Web. 28 Mar. 2013.
We used this picture of Attorney General Ramsey Clark and President Johnson on the Ramsey Clark interview page along with a transcript of the interview we had with him.
We used this picture of Attorney General Ramsey Clark and President Johnson on the Ramsey Clark interview page along with a transcript of the interview we had with him.
Petteway, Steve. Roberts Court. Digital image. U.S. Supreme Court Media, OYEZ. IIT-Chicago Kent College of Law, n.d. Web. 20 Mar. 2013.
We used this picture of the 2010-current Supreme Court Justices in the slideshow on the Oral Arguments in the Shelby County v Holder case on our controversy over section 5 page. The image is from the Collection of the Supreme Court of the United States.
We used this picture of the 2010-current Supreme Court Justices in the slideshow on the Oral Arguments in the Shelby County v Holder case on our controversy over section 5 page. The image is from the Collection of the Supreme Court of the United States.
N.d. Photograph. National Archives. LBJ Library, 2004. Web. 29 Mar. 2013.
This is a picture of President Johnson standing up and taking on the phone. We used this picture on our Time Was Right page in our slide show about President Johnson.
This is a picture of President Johnson standing up and taking on the phone. We used this picture on our Time Was Right page in our slide show about President Johnson.
President Lyndon Johnson speaks to the press in the Oval Office. Digital image. LBJ Library, National Archives, 17 June 1965. Web. 18 Mar. 2013.
We used this picture of President Johnson in the slideshow on the Time was Right page to show that LBJ was a visionary.
We used this picture of President Johnson in the slideshow on the Time was Right page to show that LBJ was a visionary.
"President Reagan Signs Extension of Voting Rights Act." Roger Mudd, correspondent. NBC Nightly News. NBCUniversal Media. 29 June 1982. NBC Learn. Web. 5 September 2012
We used a picture of President Reagan signing the extension of the Voting Rights Act from the NBC Nightly News Media.
We used a picture of President Reagan signing the extension of the Voting Rights Act from the NBC Nightly News Media.
Ramsey Clark. Digital image. The United States Department of Justice. N.p., Jan. 2013. Web. 29 Mar. 2013.
This image is of Ramsey Clark who was U.S. Attorney General during the Johnson Administration. He played a big role in helping the Civil Rights Act, and the Voting Rights Act get passed.
This image is of Ramsey Clark who was U.S. Attorney General during the Johnson Administration. He played a big role in helping the Civil Rights Act, and the Voting Rights Act get passed.
Reed, Jason. President Obama. Digital image. Time. Time, 19 Nov. 2012. Web. 2 Jan. 2013.
This Time magazine cover is a commemorative election special, highlighting the re-election of president Barack Obama.
This Time magazine cover is a commemorative election special, highlighting the re-election of president Barack Obama.
"Richard M. Nixon." The White House. N.p., n.d. Web. 25 Jan. 2013.
We used a picture of President Nixon from the White House page on presidents. This picture was used on the Extensions of the Voting Rights Act page.
We used a picture of President Nixon from the White House page on presidents. This picture was used on the Extensions of the Voting Rights Act page.
Slack, Megan. "The White House Blog." President Reagan Designates Martin Luther King, Jr. Day a Federal Holiday. The White House, 13 Jan. 2012. Web. 29 Jan. 2013.
We included a picture of President Reagan signing a law declaring MLK day as a National Holiday on Nov 2nd. 1983. The picture is originally from the National archives. This image is included in our power of the coalitions page.
We included a picture of President Reagan signing a law declaring MLK day as a National Holiday on Nov 2nd. 1983. The picture is originally from the National archives. This image is included in our power of the coalitions page.
Strom Thurmond. Digital image. A Record-Setting Filibuster. N.p., 22 Mar. 1965. Web. 26 Jan. 2013.
This picture of Senator Strom Thurmond was used on the turning point page.
This picture of Senator Strom Thurmond was used on the turning point page.
Stoughton, Cecil. Signing of the 1964 Civil Rights Act. 1964. Photograph. White House Photo Office. LBJ Presidential Library. Web. 15 Jan. 2013.
President Lyndon B. Johnson signs the 1964 Civil Rights Act as Martin Luther King, Jr., others look on.
President Lyndon B. Johnson signs the 1964 Civil Rights Act as Martin Luther King, Jr., others look on.
The members of the 113th Congress. Digital image. Congresswoman Suzan Delbene. N.p., 16 Nov. 2012. Web. 2 Jan. 2013.
This picture of the 113th congress helped us show the diversity of the congress today since there are many more woman and minorities than in previous years.
This picture of the 113th congress helped us show the diversity of the congress today since there are many more woman and minorities than in previous years.
The Voting Rights Act of 1965. Digital image. Enrolled Acts and Resolutions of Congress, 1789-; General Records of the United States Government; Record Group 11; National Archives. N.p., n.d. Web.
A picture of the Voting Rights Act of 1965, used on the turning point page.
A picture of the Voting Rights Act of 1965, used on the turning point page.
Tim Scott. Digital image. U.S. Congressman Tim Scott. N.p., n.d. Web. 1 Jan. 2013.
This picture is of Tim Scott. He is the designated United States Senator from South Caroline. One he is sworn in, designated senator Scott will become the only current African American member of the United States Senate.
This picture is of Tim Scott. He is the designated United States Senator from South Caroline. One he is sworn in, designated senator Scott will become the only current African American member of the United States Senate.
Trikosko, Marion S. Governor Wallace. 1968. Photograph. Library of Congress. Library Of Congress. Web. 20 Jan. 2013.
This is a picture of George Wallace who was the Governor of Alabama during the marches in Selma.
This is a picture of George Wallace who was the Governor of Alabama during the marches in Selma.
Waud, Alfred. "The First Vote" N.d. Photograph. Library of Congress. Library Of Congress. Web. 02 Dec. 2012.
This picture was a political cartoon created to show African Americans exercising their newly won right to vote in 1865. This picture reinforces the 15th amendment section on the Prior Legislation page.
This picture was a political cartoon created to show African Americans exercising their newly won right to vote in 1865. This picture reinforces the 15th amendment section on the Prior Legislation page.
1949 Poll Tax Receipt. 1949. Photograph. Poll Tax Receipts Navarro County, Texas. Web. 12 Nov. 2012.
This primary source image of a poll tax receipt, enhanced our Historical Context page by displaying a picture of the actual poll tax receipt to convey the drastic amounts that disenfranchised voters had to pay.
This primary source image of a poll tax receipt, enhanced our Historical Context page by displaying a picture of the actual poll tax receipt to convey the drastic amounts that disenfranchised voters had to pay.
Photograph of Maynard Jackson. Digital image. Eyes on the Prize. PBS, n.d. Web. 05 May 2013.
This is a picture of Maynard Jackson who became the first African-American mayor of Altanta, a major Southern city in 1974.
This is a picture of Maynard Jackson who became the first African-American mayor of Altanta, a major Southern city in 1974.
1963. Photograph. National Archives. LBJ Library, 2008. Web. 29 Mar. 2013.
In this picture, President Johnson is on Air Force Once being sworn in as President after the assassination of President Kennedy. We used this picture in our slide show about President Johnson under the Time Was Right page.
1964. Photograph. National Archives. LBJ Library, 2004. Web. 29 Mar. 2013.
This is a picture of President Johnson meeting with civil rights leaders: Roy Wilkins, executive director of the NAACP; James Farmer, national director of the Congress of Racial Equality; Martin Luther King, Jr., president of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference; and Whitney Young, executive director of the National Urban League, in the Oval Office. We used this picture on our Time Was Right page in a slide show about President Johnson.
1965. Photograph. National Archives. LBJ Library, 2008. Web. 29 Mar. 2013.
This a picture of President Johnson with his arms spread out. The picture was taken June 7, 1965 when President Johnson was speaking to press in the Oval Office. We used this picture in our slide show about Johnson under the Time Was Right page.
1965. Photograph. National Archives. LBJ Library, 2008. Web. 29 Mar. 2013.
This is a picture of President Johnson laughing with Abe Fortas, on July 29, 1965, the day after he nominated him to the Supreme Court. We used this picture on our Time Was Right page in our slide show about President Johnson.
1966. Photograph. National Archives. LBJ Library, 2008. Web. 29 Mar. 2013.
This picture shows President Johnson talking with at the time Senate Majority Leader Everett Dirksen on March 31, 1966. We used this picture on the Time Was Right page in our slide show about President Johnson.
In this picture, President Johnson is on Air Force Once being sworn in as President after the assassination of President Kennedy. We used this picture in our slide show about President Johnson under the Time Was Right page.
1964. Photograph. National Archives. LBJ Library, 2004. Web. 29 Mar. 2013.
This is a picture of President Johnson meeting with civil rights leaders: Roy Wilkins, executive director of the NAACP; James Farmer, national director of the Congress of Racial Equality; Martin Luther King, Jr., president of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference; and Whitney Young, executive director of the National Urban League, in the Oval Office. We used this picture on our Time Was Right page in a slide show about President Johnson.
1965. Photograph. National Archives. LBJ Library, 2008. Web. 29 Mar. 2013.
This a picture of President Johnson with his arms spread out. The picture was taken June 7, 1965 when President Johnson was speaking to press in the Oval Office. We used this picture in our slide show about Johnson under the Time Was Right page.
1965. Photograph. National Archives. LBJ Library, 2008. Web. 29 Mar. 2013.
This is a picture of President Johnson laughing with Abe Fortas, on July 29, 1965, the day after he nominated him to the Supreme Court. We used this picture on our Time Was Right page in our slide show about President Johnson.
1966. Photograph. National Archives. LBJ Library, 2008. Web. 29 Mar. 2013.
This picture shows President Johnson talking with at the time Senate Majority Leader Everett Dirksen on March 31, 1966. We used this picture on the Time Was Right page in our slide show about President Johnson.
Boynton Robinson, Amelia. Phone interview by Priya Ramamoorthy, Kavya Ramamoorthy, Maanasa Nathan, Smrithi Mahadevan. 18 Mar. 2013.
Amelia Boynton Robinson is known as the matriarch of the Voting Rights Movement. She has helped register voters since 1921, Women's Suffrage. She is 101 years old and we were were very honored to speak to her. She provided us with a first hand account of the Selma March and described to us about her personal experience of being beaten and left for dead. She also had a strong message for all citizens about the importance of voting which we found insightful and a potential springboard to take this project beyond this competition. We used audio clips from her interview on our Catalysts and Turning Point page.
Amelia Boynton Robinson is known as the matriarch of the Voting Rights Movement. She has helped register voters since 1921, Women's Suffrage. She is 101 years old and we were were very honored to speak to her. She provided us with a first hand account of the Selma March and described to us about her personal experience of being beaten and left for dead. She also had a strong message for all citizens about the importance of voting which we found insightful and a potential springboard to take this project beyond this competition. We used audio clips from her interview on our Catalysts and Turning Point page.
Clark, Ramsey. Phone interview by Priya Ramamoorthy, Kavya Ramamoorthy, Maanasa Nathan, Smrithi Mahadevan. 22 Mar. 2013.
Ramsey Clark was the deputy Attorney General of the United States when the Voting Rights Act was passed. We interviewed him on the phone. We also sent questions to him via his biographer Laura Castro. Mr. Clark's answers were very helpful in understanding the conditions in America during the 1960's. He also explained what was unique about the law. We used quotes from his interview on various pages throughout our website.
Ramsey Clark was the deputy Attorney General of the United States when the Voting Rights Act was passed. We interviewed him on the phone. We also sent questions to him via his biographer Laura Castro. Mr. Clark's answers were very helpful in understanding the conditions in America during the 1960's. He also explained what was unique about the law. We used quotes from his interview on various pages throughout our website.
Cobb, Charles. E-mail interview by Priya Ramamoorthy, Kavya Ramamoorthy, Maanasa Nathan, Smrithi Mahadevan. 12 Dec. 2012.
Charles Cobb was the Field Secretary for the Student Nonviolent Co-ordination Committee, Mississippi (1962-67), a Distinguished journalist, and Senior Writer and Diplomatic Correspondent for AllAfrica.com (current). With Mr. Cobb being a civil-rights activist during the time period when the Voting Rights Act was signed, we interviewed him about the work of the SNCC during the time period. From this we learned that it was not just protest marches that brought about change, but also through grassroots organizing.
Charles Cobb was the Field Secretary for the Student Nonviolent Co-ordination Committee, Mississippi (1962-67), a Distinguished journalist, and Senior Writer and Diplomatic Correspondent for AllAfrica.com (current). With Mr. Cobb being a civil-rights activist during the time period when the Voting Rights Act was signed, we interviewed him about the work of the SNCC during the time period. From this we learned that it was not just protest marches that brought about change, but also through grassroots organizing.
Lewis, John. Letter interview by Priya Ramamoorthy, Kavya Ramamoorthy, Maanasa Nathan, Smrithi Mahadevan. 27 Mar. 2013
John Lewis is the current Congressman representing the 5th district of Georgia. He was the Chairman of the Student Non-Violent Coordinating Comittee when the Voting Rights Act was passed. He is known as the Champion of Civil Rights and is an outspoken supported of the Voting Rights Act of 1965. In his interview he explained how the federal government took a strong stand to say that they will ensure voting rights for all eligible citizens. Congressman Lewis dreams of a day when the Voting Rights Act will no longer be needed, but believes that we are not there yet. We used quotes from him on the Turning point page.
John Lewis is the current Congressman representing the 5th district of Georgia. He was the Chairman of the Student Non-Violent Coordinating Comittee when the Voting Rights Act was passed. He is known as the Champion of Civil Rights and is an outspoken supported of the Voting Rights Act of 1965. In his interview he explained how the federal government took a strong stand to say that they will ensure voting rights for all eligible citizens. Congressman Lewis dreams of a day when the Voting Rights Act will no longer be needed, but believes that we are not there yet. We used quotes from him on the Turning point page.
Moses, Robert P. Phone interview by Priya Ramamoorthy, Kavya Ramamoorthy, Maanasa Nathan, Smrithi Mahadevan. 14 Mar. 2013
Robert Moses was a prominent Civil Rights Activist during the 1960's. He was the field secretary for SNCC. We conducted a phone interview with him. He explained about the conditions of the African-Americans and the efforts by the civil rights activists, especially the SNCC to register voters. He was the coordinator of Freedom Summer (Mississippi 1964) and an expert and witness of the Voting Rights Movement. He gave us insightful information about the prior conditions before the passage of the Voting Rights Act of 1965. He currently carries on the legacy and importance of voting by heading The Algebra Project. He was a vary valuable primary source for our research and we used many of his quotes throughout our website.
Robert Moses was a prominent Civil Rights Activist during the 1960's. He was the field secretary for SNCC. We conducted a phone interview with him. He explained about the conditions of the African-Americans and the efforts by the civil rights activists, especially the SNCC to register voters. He was the coordinator of Freedom Summer (Mississippi 1964) and an expert and witness of the Voting Rights Movement. He gave us insightful information about the prior conditions before the passage of the Voting Rights Act of 1965. He currently carries on the legacy and importance of voting by heading The Algebra Project. He was a vary valuable primary source for our research and we used many of his quotes throughout our website.
Mondale, Walter F. E-mail interview by Priya Ramamoorthy, Kavya Ramamoorthy, Maanasa Nathan, Smrithi Mahadevan. 23 Nov. 2012
Vice President Walter Mondale was a former Senator(1964 - 1976) of Minnesota, and also the Vice President under Jimmy Carter ( 1977 - 1981 ). During the time period when the Voting Rights Act of 1965 was passed, Vice President Mondale was a Senator, and from our interview with him, we learned about without the Voting Rights Act, the other civil rights acts would not be successful; it all starts with ending discrimination in voting. We also saw how the Voting Rights Act has not lost its usefulness, and is still needed today to "protect us against risks". In addition, Vice President Mondale pointed out how the Voting Rights Act impacted society.
Vice President Walter Mondale was a former Senator(1964 - 1976) of Minnesota, and also the Vice President under Jimmy Carter ( 1977 - 1981 ). During the time period when the Voting Rights Act of 1965 was passed, Vice President Mondale was a Senator, and from our interview with him, we learned about without the Voting Rights Act, the other civil rights acts would not be successful; it all starts with ending discrimination in voting. We also saw how the Voting Rights Act has not lost its usefulness, and is still needed today to "protect us against risks". In addition, Vice President Mondale pointed out how the Voting Rights Act impacted society.
Young, Andrew J. Oral interview by Priya Ramamoorthy, Kavya Ramamoorthy, Maanasa Nathan, Smrithi Mahadevan. 31 Jan. 2013
Ambassador Andrew Young, was a former Mayor (1982-1990) of Atlanta, member (1973-1977) of the U.S. House of Representatives, and United States Ambassador to the United Nations (1977-1979) under President Jimmy Carter. Ambassador Young was a civil rights activist, and a member of the SCLC during the time the Voting Rights Act was passed. From our interview we learned about how the passage of the Voting Rights Act boosted the southern economy due to the fact that it was more inclusive, as well as the social impacts, about "One vote, one voice"- one vote allows your voice to be heard. In addition, Ambassador Young explained how the Voting Rights Act was a turning point in history, and that due to Section 5 of the law, "federal pre-clearance", that was the main reason why this Act worked, whereas previous voting rights legislation had failed.
Ambassador Andrew Young, was a former Mayor (1982-1990) of Atlanta, member (1973-1977) of the U.S. House of Representatives, and United States Ambassador to the United Nations (1977-1979) under President Jimmy Carter. Ambassador Young was a civil rights activist, and a member of the SCLC during the time the Voting Rights Act was passed. From our interview we learned about how the passage of the Voting Rights Act boosted the southern economy due to the fact that it was more inclusive, as well as the social impacts, about "One vote, one voice"- one vote allows your voice to be heard. In addition, Ambassador Young explained how the Voting Rights Act was a turning point in history, and that due to Section 5 of the law, "federal pre-clearance", that was the main reason why this Act worked, whereas previous voting rights legislation had failed.
Bob Moses, and The Freedom Singers. Eyes on the Prize. Sing for Freedom: The Story of the Civil Rights Movement through Its Songs. N.d. MP3.
This song was performed by Bob Moses and the Freedom Singers during many protests during the Civil Rights Movement. We found this recording on the Smithsonian Museum's "Sing for Freedom: The Story of the Civil Rights Movement through Its Songs" track. We used it to aid our Civil Rights Movement Presentation.
This song was performed by Bob Moses and the Freedom Singers during many protests during the Civil Rights Movement. We found this recording on the Smithsonian Museum's "Sing for Freedom: The Story of the Civil Rights Movement through Its Songs" track. We used it to aid our Civil Rights Movement Presentation.
Carlton, Reece, and Mamie Brown. "I'm on My Way." Sing for Freedom: The Story of the Civil Rights Movement through Its Songs. N.d. MP3.
"I'm on my Way" was performed by the Carlton Reese Memorial Unity Choir featuring Mamie Brown-Mason and performed by Odetta at the March on Washington. Its lyrics "'I'm on my way to the freedom land... It's an uphill journey, but I'm on my way" captures the spirit of the Civil Rights Movement. We used this song on our Home page.
"I'm on my Way" was performed by the Carlton Reese Memorial Unity Choir featuring Mamie Brown-Mason and performed by Odetta at the March on Washington. Its lyrics "'I'm on my way to the freedom land... It's an uphill journey, but I'm on my way" captures the spirit of the Civil Rights Movement. We used this song on our Home page.
The Freedom Singers. "We Shall Overcome." Sing for Freedom: The Story of the Civil Rights Movement through Its Songs. The Freedom Singers. N.d. MP3.
The protest song "We Shall Overcome" was a staple during the Civil Rights Movement; one of its key anthems. We found this recording on the Smithsonian Museum's "Sing for Freedom: The Story of the Civil Rights Movement through Its Songs" track, and this version is sung by The Freedom Singers. We used this song on our Conclusion page.
The protest song "We Shall Overcome" was a staple during the Civil Rights Movement; one of its key anthems. We found this recording on the Smithsonian Museum's "Sing for Freedom: The Story of the Civil Rights Movement through Its Songs" track, and this version is sung by The Freedom Singers. We used this song on our Conclusion page.
The Montgomery Improvement Association. "This Little Light of Mine." Sing for Freedom: The Story of the Civil Rights Movement through Its Songs. N.d. MP3.
"This Little Light of Mine" is a spiritual gospel children's song. During the fifties and sixties in the United States it became part of the Civil Rights Movement and was one of the Civil Rights anthems. We used this song on our Selma March page.
"This Little Light of Mine" is a spiritual gospel children's song. During the fifties and sixties in the United States it became part of the Civil Rights Movement and was one of the Civil Rights anthems. We used this song on our Selma March page.
Watkins, Hollis. "I'm Gonna Sit at the Welcome Table." Sing for Freedom: The Story of the Civil Rights Movement through Its Songs. N.d. MP3.
In "I'm Gonna Sit at the Welcome Table", Hollis Watkins included verses from the civil rights movement and commentary about struggles in the mid eighties in America to create his version of this song which was one of the many Civil Rights Anthems during the sixties. We used this song on our Turning Point page.
In "I'm Gonna Sit at the Welcome Table", Hollis Watkins included verses from the civil rights movement and commentary about struggles in the mid eighties in America to create his version of this song which was one of the many Civil Rights Anthems during the sixties. We used this song on our Turning Point page.
"Address at the Conclusion of the Selma to Montgomery March." Selma to Montgomery March. Martin Luther King, Jr., Research & Education Institute, 25 Mar. 1965. Web. 29 Mar. 2013.
We used an audio clip from MLK's address at the conclusion of the Selma to Montgomery March. In the clip, MLK gives a rousing speech "Let us march on ballot boxes". We used this clip on the Time is Right page to show MLK, the face of the civil rights movement, uniting the people in the quest for equality of the franchise.
We used an audio clip from MLK's address at the conclusion of the Selma to Montgomery March. In the clip, MLK gives a rousing speech "Let us march on ballot boxes". We used this clip on the Time is Right page to show MLK, the face of the civil rights movement, uniting the people in the quest for equality of the franchise.
Attorney General Holder at LBJ Library. Perf. Eric Holder. Democratic Blog News, 13 Dec. 2011. Web. 24 Nov. 2012.
This is a video of Attorney General Eric Holder speaking at the Lyndon B. Johnson Presidential Library on the Voting Rights Act of 1965 on December 13th, 2011. The clips that we have taken express his view on the future of the law, and that we must remain vigilant in protecting it. We classified this as primary as Eric Holder, the current Attorney general of the United States is in charge of enforcement of the Voting Rights Act and he is talking about the future of this legislation.
This is a video of Attorney General Eric Holder speaking at the Lyndon B. Johnson Presidential Library on the Voting Rights Act of 1965 on December 13th, 2011. The clips that we have taken express his view on the future of the law, and that we must remain vigilant in protecting it. We classified this as primary as Eric Holder, the current Attorney general of the United States is in charge of enforcement of the Voting Rights Act and he is talking about the future of this legislation.
Johnson, Lyndon B. "LBJ's Voting Rights Speech: "The American Promise"" Speech Before Congress on Voting Rights. Miller Center, 15 Mar. 1965. Web. 20 Jan. 2013.
On the Thesis, Conclusion and Turning Point pages, we used a snippet from President Johnson's speech on the Voting Rights Act where he talks about the American Promise and how it is deadly wrong that some people in this country are not able to exercise their right to vote.
On the Thesis, Conclusion and Turning Point pages, we used a snippet from President Johnson's speech on the Voting Rights Act where he talks about the American Promise and how it is deadly wrong that some people in this country are not able to exercise their right to vote.
Johnson, Lyndon Baines. "Martin Luther King, Telephone Conversation with President Johnson,." Perf. Martin Luther King, Jr. Martin Luther King, Telephone Conversation with President Johnson,. N.d. Miller Center. University of Virginia. 15 Jan. 1965. Web. 29 Nov. 2012.
On the Power of the Coalition page we used a quote from this audio to explain the power that the coalitions had and how they would affect the south.
On the Power of the Coalition page we used a quote from this audio to explain the power that the coalitions had and how they would affect the south.
King, Martin Luther, Jr. "Give Us the Ballot." Rec. 17 May 1957. N.d. Martin Luther King Jr. And the Global Freedom Struggle. Standford University. Web. 13 Dec. 2012.
This audio of a speech called "Give us the Ballot by Martin Luther King Jr was very helpful to our Historical content page because it showed how important the right to vote was to fixing all the other problems in society. It was also a great asset because it was a primary source speech from the time period.
This audio of a speech called "Give us the Ballot by Martin Luther King Jr was very helpful to our Historical content page because it showed how important the right to vote was to fixing all the other problems in society. It was also a great asset because it was a primary source speech from the time period.
President Kennedy's Civil Rights Speech 1963. Perf. John F. Kennedy. President Kennedy's Civil Rights Speech 1963. Miller Center, n.d. Web. 14 Mar. 2013.
This video of President John F. Kennedy's speech gave an insight on how President Kennedy played a role in civil rights well and enforced the fact that Lyndon B Johnson could use the sympathy aroused from his death to pass civil rights legislation. We used this video on our Rekindling the Fire page.
This video of President John F. Kennedy's speech gave an insight on how President Kennedy played a role in civil rights well and enforced the fact that Lyndon B Johnson could use the sympathy aroused from his death to pass civil rights legislation. We used this video on our Rekindling the Fire page.
Remarks on the Signing of the Voting Rights Act (August 6, 1965)-. Remarks on the Signing of the Voting Rights Act (August 6, 1965). University of Virginia, n.d. Web. 11 Jan. 2013.
This video of LBJ's remarks on the signing of the Voting Rights Act of 1965, was used on the turning point page. He gives an explanation of the Voting Rights Act.
This video of LBJ's remarks on the signing of the Voting Rights Act of 1965, was used on the turning point page. He gives an explanation of the Voting Rights Act.
Shelby County V Holder Oral Arguments, U.S. Supreme Court. CSPAN. CSPAN, 27 Feb. 2013. Web. 22 Mar. 2013.
We used pictures of the Supreme Court Justices along with quotes from the arguments made during the Oral Arguments in the Shelby County vs Holder case. This was used in the slideshow on the controversy over section 5 page.
We used pictures of the Supreme Court Justices along with quotes from the arguments made during the Oral Arguments in the Shelby County vs Holder case. This was used in the slideshow on the controversy over section 5 page.
"The 2013 State of the Union Address (Enhanced Version)." The White House. N.p., 12 Feb. 2013. Web. 20 Mar. 2013.
We used a clip from President Obama's State of the Union speech where he talks about the problems that voters currently face with long lines at the poll booth. We used this video on the Current Barriers in Voting page.
We used a clip from President Obama's State of the Union speech where he talks about the problems that voters currently face with long lines at the poll booth. We used this video on the Current Barriers in Voting page.
"About the National Voter Registration Act." Civil Rights Division Home Page. The United States Department of Justice, n.d. Web. 20 Jan. 2013.
We used information from the Justice department's page on the National Voter Registration Act (NVRA), also known as the Motor Voter Act on the Power of the Coalitions page. The act was passed largely in part because of the Black Caucus and shows the power of the Coalition.
We used information from the Justice department's page on the National Voter Registration Act (NVRA), also known as the Motor Voter Act on the Power of the Coalitions page. The act was passed largely in part because of the Black Caucus and shows the power of the Coalition.
"Amelia Boynton Robinson." The Matriarch of the Voting Rights Movement. N.p., n.d. Web. 31 Mar. 2013.
This website gave us information on Amelia Boynton Robinson, who is considered the matriarch of the voting rights movement. We interviewed her over the phone. On the interviews page, we used the side-by-side picture of Amelia Boynton being helped by a black man after being beaten up on Bloody Sunday in 1965 and the picture of her in 2012 when at age 101, she made a public appearance at the very scene of her beating by the bridge to meet and thank Joe Jona, the same man who helped her, for his brave kindness. We also used another picture of her from this website along with a quote made by her in the interview on the Turning point page.
This website gave us information on Amelia Boynton Robinson, who is considered the matriarch of the voting rights movement. We interviewed her over the phone. On the interviews page, we used the side-by-side picture of Amelia Boynton being helped by a black man after being beaten up on Bloody Sunday in 1965 and the picture of her in 2012 when at age 101, she made a public appearance at the very scene of her beating by the bridge to meet and thank Joe Jona, the same man who helped her, for his brave kindness. We also used another picture of her from this website along with a quote made by her in the interview on the Turning point page.
"Black Americans in Congress." Women in Congress. N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Jan. 2013.
We got a picture of Barbara Jordan from the Women in Congress website on our Impact page. In 1966, Barbara Jordan ran for the Texas senate when court-enforced redistricting created a district largely consisting of minority voters. Jordan won, defeating a white liberal and becoming the first African-American state senator since 1883 and the first black woman ever elected to that body.
We got a picture of Barbara Jordan from the Women in Congress website on our Impact page. In 1966, Barbara Jordan ran for the Texas senate when court-enforced redistricting created a district largely consisting of minority voters. Jordan won, defeating a white liberal and becoming the first African-American state senator since 1883 and the first black woman ever elected to that body.
"Defending Democracy: Confronting Modern Barriers to Voting Rights in America." NAACP. N.p., n.d. Web. 20 Jan. 2013.
</http://www.naacp.org/pages/defending-democracy>
The report, Defending Democracy: Confronting Modern Barriers to Voting Rights in America, details the voter suppression initiatives, most of them pushed in states with large African-American populations and where voting turnout has surged. The joint report by the NAACP and the NAACP Legal Defense Fund examines scores of legislative proposals, ballot initiatives and voting laws enacted or proposed since the 2008 election. We used this information on our Current Barriers to Voting page. We also used an image from the cover page of this report on our Thesis page.
</http://www.naacp.org/pages/defending-democracy>
The report, Defending Democracy: Confronting Modern Barriers to Voting Rights in America, details the voter suppression initiatives, most of them pushed in states with large African-American populations and where voting turnout has surged. The joint report by the NAACP and the NAACP Legal Defense Fund examines scores of legislative proposals, ballot initiatives and voting laws enacted or proposed since the 2008 election. We used this information on our Current Barriers to Voting page. We also used an image from the cover page of this report on our Thesis page.
HARPER v. VIRGINIA BOARD OF ELECTIONS. The Oyez Project at IIT Chicago-Kent College of Law. 20 December 2012.
In this case, the Supreme Court held Virginia's poll tax to be unconstitutional under the 14th Amendment. The oyez database gave us information on the question and conclusion of this case and also had recordings of Oral Arguments. We used this information on the Turning Points page.
In this case, the Supreme Court held Virginia's poll tax to be unconstitutional under the 14th Amendment. The oyez database gave us information on the question and conclusion of this case and also had recordings of Oral Arguments. We used this information on the Turning Points page.
Harper's Weekly. "Toward Racial Equality: Harper's Weekly, Reports on Black America 1857-1874." Blackhistory.harpweek.com. HarpWeek, n.d. Web. 23 Mar. 2013.
This website was helpful in that it gave us primary source illustrations from Harper's Weekly, a magazine pulished during the late 1800s. The famous political cartoonist, Thomas Nast also drew illustrations for Harper's Weekly about African American rights. Through this wesite we were able to access his work and use it on the Historical Context page.
This website was helpful in that it gave us primary source illustrations from Harper's Weekly, a magazine pulished during the late 1800s. The famous political cartoonist, Thomas Nast also drew illustrations for Harper's Weekly about African American rights. Through this wesite we were able to access his work and use it on the Historical Context page.
Johnson, Lyndon B. "Miller Center." Remarks on the Signing of the Voting Rights Act (August 6, 1965)-. N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Jan. 2013.
President Johnson's remarks on the signing of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 is a powerful speech. It shows why the signing of the Voting Rights Act was a triumph and a turning point in American democracy. We used a word cloud of the text and a snippet of the video of LBJ's speech on the Turning point page as well as the conclusion. This was a very valuable primary source for our research.
President Johnson's remarks on the signing of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 is a powerful speech. It shows why the signing of the Voting Rights Act was a triumph and a turning point in American democracy. We used a word cloud of the text and a snippet of the video of LBJ's speech on the Turning point page as well as the conclusion. This was a very valuable primary source for our research.
Civil Rights Movement Veterans. N.p., n.d. Web. Oct.-Nov. 2013. <http://www.crmvet.org/info/lithome.htm>.
This website was very important to all the background pages from Historical Context to Selma March. It contained many photocopied primary source letters, brochures, fliers, documents and pictures that were very useful. Also it provided an in depth summary of each of the important events during the course of the Civil Rights Movement and the path to the Voting Rights Act. It also had many quotes from important people and primary source witnesses from the Civil Rights Movement time period.
This website was very important to all the background pages from Historical Context to Selma March. It contained many photocopied primary source letters, brochures, fliers, documents and pictures that were very useful. Also it provided an in depth summary of each of the important events during the course of the Civil Rights Movement and the path to the Voting Rights Act. It also had many quotes from important people and primary source witnesses from the Civil Rights Movement time period.
"Keeping the Faith: African Americans Return to Congress, 1929–1970." Keeping the Faith. N.p., n.d. Web. 04 Jan. 2013.
From this website, wee were able to gain information about influential African Americans in Congress. We were also able to gain knowledge on how the Voting Rights Act influenced African American voter registration. We were able to use a quote from this website on the impact page of our website to show how African American voter registration had increased by sixty percent since the Voting Rights Act had been passed.
From this website, wee were able to gain information about influential African Americans in Congress. We were also able to gain knowledge on how the Voting Rights Act influenced African American voter registration. We were able to use a quote from this website on the impact page of our website to show how African American voter registration had increased by sixty percent since the Voting Rights Act had been passed.
"LDF Files Brief in Supreme Court, Mounting Vigorous Defense of the Voting Rights Act's Constitutionality." NAACP Legal Defense Fund, 25 Jan. 2013. Web. 27 Jan. 2013.
The NAACP Legal Defense fund filed a brief in the Supreme Court defending the Voting Rights Act Section 5 in Shelby County vs. Holder case. We used information from the brief they filed in the proponents sections of the Future of Section 5 of the Voting Rights Act page.
The NAACP Legal Defense fund filed a brief in the Supreme Court defending the Voting Rights Act Section 5 in Shelby County vs. Holder case. We used information from the brief they filed in the proponents sections of the Future of Section 5 of the Voting Rights Act page.
"Mapping Congress." US House of Representatives: History, Art & Archives. N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Jan. 2013.
We got the data and maps of the Black Americans in Congress from the U.S. House of Representatives website and used the map on the Impact page. We also used the data from this website to generate a graph of the Black Americans in the Confederacy States to show the trend over the years.
We got the data and maps of the Black Americans in Congress from the U.S. House of Representatives website and used the map on the Impact page. We also used the data from this website to generate a graph of the Black Americans in the Confederacy States to show the trend over the years.
"President Bush Signs Voting Rights Act Reauthorization and Amendments Act of 2006."President Bush Signs Voting Rights Act Reauthorization and Amendments Act of 2006. White House Archives, n.d. Web. 25 Jan. 2013.
This website had the statement made by President George E. Bush when he signed an extension to the Voting Rights Act in 2006. We used quotes from his speech as well as an image of him signing the Voting Rights Act extension. This information was used in the Extensions of the Voting Rights Act page.
This website had the statement made by President George E. Bush when he signed an extension to the Voting Rights Act in 2006. We used quotes from his speech as well as an image of him signing the Voting Rights Act extension. This information was used in the Extensions of the Voting Rights Act page.
"President Lyndon B. Johnson's Remarks in the Capitol Rotunda at the Signing of the Voting Rights Act, August 6, 1965." LBJ Presidential Library. N.p., 6 June 2007. Web. 2 Jan. 2013.
On LBJ's Presidential website, we found a written transcript of his speech that he made in the Capital Rotunda at the signing of the Voting Rights Act of 1965. We have used quotes from this source throughout our website, one such place is on our Home page, to describe why having the right to vote is so important.
On LBJ's Presidential website, we found a written transcript of his speech that he made in the Capital Rotunda at the signing of the Voting Rights Act of 1965. We have used quotes from this source throughout our website, one such place is on our Home page, to describe why having the right to vote is so important.
"Ready Reference: John F. Kennedy Speeches." - John F. Kennedy Presidential Library & Museum. N.p., n.d. Web. 28 Mar. 2013.
This website was helpful because it gave us access to many of President John F Kennedy's speeches and television broadcasts about civil rights and President Kennedy's efforts. We used most of this information on the Historical Context pages
This website was helpful because it gave us access to many of President John F Kennedy's speeches and television broadcasts about civil rights and President Kennedy's efforts. We used most of this information on the Historical Context pages
"South Carolina v. Katzenbach." Oyez: IIT Chicago-Kent College of Law. N.p., n.d. Web. 29 Mar. 2013.
From the Oyez website, we were able to get information of the South Carolina v. Katzenbach case. This case came right after the Voting Rights Act was passed, and questioned the constitutionality of the act. We used quotes from this article on our Immediate Reactions page.
From the Oyez website, we were able to get information of the South Carolina v. Katzenbach case. This case came right after the Voting Rights Act was passed, and questioned the constitutionality of the act. We used quotes from this article on our Immediate Reactions page.
"Statement by President Obama on the 45th Anniversary of the Voting Rights Act." The White House: President Barack Obama. N.p., 6 Aug. 2010. Web. 01 Jan. 2013.
This article from the White House website shows the statement about the Voting Rights Act that President Obama made on it 45th Anniversary. The main theme is about how this law is still needed, and how we should be vigilant in protecting it.
This article from the White House website shows the statement about the Voting Rights Act that President Obama made on it 45th Anniversary. The main theme is about how this law is still needed, and how we should be vigilant in protecting it.
"Transcript of Pelosi, Israel Press Conference with Newly-Elected House Democratic Members." Democratic Leader Nancy Pelosi. N.p., 13 Nov. 2012. Web. 02 Jan. 2013.
From this transcript from Democratic Leader, Nancy Pelosi's website we were able to gain knowledge on the diversity of the current caucus since this is the first caucus in history in which women and minorities make up the majority of the caucus.
From this transcript from Democratic Leader, Nancy Pelosi's website we were able to gain knowledge on the diversity of the current caucus since this is the first caucus in history in which women and minorities make up the majority of the caucus.
U.S. Supreme Court Media: Oyez: IIT Chicago-Kent College of Law. N.p., n.d. Web. 31 Dec. 2012.
We used this U.S. Supreme Court Media Source to learn more about the Shelby County v. Holder case, and to find more information on the Northwest Austin Municipality vs Holder Supreme court case.
We used this U.S. Supreme Court Media Source to learn more about the Shelby County v. Holder case, and to find more information on the Northwest Austin Municipality vs Holder Supreme court case.
"Voting Rights Act (1965)." Our Documents. N.p., n.d. Web. 02 Jan. 2013.
From this website we were able to get documents on the Voting Rights. They helped us understand some of the barriers to voting before the voting rights act was passed like poll taxes and literacy tests.
"The Voting Rights Act Of 1965." The Voting Rights Act Of 1965. N.p., n.d. Web. 04 Jan. 2013.
From this website by the U.S. Department of Justice Civil Rights Division we were able to get graphs that depicted the impact of the voting rights act on voter registration. We were also able to gain a background knowledge on America before the voting rights act.
From this website we were able to get documents on the Voting Rights. They helped us understand some of the barriers to voting before the voting rights act was passed like poll taxes and literacy tests.
"The Voting Rights Act Of 1965." The Voting Rights Act Of 1965. N.p., n.d. Web. 04 Jan. 2013.
From this website by the U.S. Department of Justice Civil Rights Division we were able to get graphs that depicted the impact of the voting rights act on voter registration. We were also able to gain a background knowledge on America before the voting rights act.
Arrington, Karen McGill, and William L. Taylor, eds. Voting Rights in America: Continuing the Quest for Full Participation. Washington D.C.: Leadership Conference Education Fund Joint Center for Political and Economic Studies, n.d. Print.
This book gave us information about the impact of the Voting Rights Act, politically, and economically.
Carr, Waggoner, and Byron D. Varner. "Getting to Know the Chief Justice." Texas Politics in My Rearview Mirror. Plano, TX: Republic of Texas, 1993. 98-99. Print.
Texas Attorney General Waggoner Carr in this chapter talks about the perception of the Supreme Court during the 1960's. We used his quote about the Chief Justice Earl Warren in the immediate reactions page.
Congress. Congressional Record. Pt. 11 ed. Vol. 152. N.p.: Congress, n.d. 13 July 2006. Web. 15 Jan. 2013.
A quote was used from this record on the turning point page, to show that the Voting Rights Act put teeth back into the 15th amendments guarantee that no one can be denied the right to vote on the basis of race.
Davidson, Chandler, and Bernard Grofman. Quiet Revolution in the South: The Impact of the Voting Rights Act, 1965-1990. Princeton, NJ: Princeton UP, 1994. Print.
From this book, we gained valuable information on the impacts of the Voting Rights Act.
This book gave us information about the impact of the Voting Rights Act, politically, and economically.
Carr, Waggoner, and Byron D. Varner. "Getting to Know the Chief Justice." Texas Politics in My Rearview Mirror. Plano, TX: Republic of Texas, 1993. 98-99. Print.
Texas Attorney General Waggoner Carr in this chapter talks about the perception of the Supreme Court during the 1960's. We used his quote about the Chief Justice Earl Warren in the immediate reactions page.
Congress. Congressional Record. Pt. 11 ed. Vol. 152. N.p.: Congress, n.d. 13 July 2006. Web. 15 Jan. 2013.
A quote was used from this record on the turning point page, to show that the Voting Rights Act put teeth back into the 15th amendments guarantee that no one can be denied the right to vote on the basis of race.
Davidson, Chandler, and Bernard Grofman. Quiet Revolution in the South: The Impact of the Voting Rights Act, 1965-1990. Princeton, NJ: Princeton UP, 1994. Print.
From this book, we gained valuable information on the impacts of the Voting Rights Act.
Dudziak, Mary L. Cold War Civil Rights: Race and the Image of American Democracy. Princeton, NJ: Princeton UP, 2000. Print.
From this book we got a political carton called "Careful the Walls have Ears" published on September 11, 1965 in the Arkansas Democratic Gazette. We used this cartoon on our Rekindling the Fire page. From this book we also gained information of the U.S. image abroad during the Cold War.
From this book we got a political carton called "Careful the Walls have Ears" published on September 11, 1965 in the Arkansas Democratic Gazette. We used this cartoon on our Rekindling the Fire page. From this book we also gained information of the U.S. image abroad during the Cold War.
Epstein, David L., Richard H. Pildes, Rodolfo O. De La Garza, and Sharyn O'Halloran, eds. The Future of the Voting Rights Act. New York: Russell Sage Foundation, 2006. Print.
This book was extremely helpful in learning about the controversy over section 5 of the Voting Rights Act, and other barriers to voting in modern day.
This book was extremely helpful in learning about the controversy over section 5 of the Voting Rights Act, and other barriers to voting in modern day.
Garrow, David J. Protest at Selma. N.p.: Yale UP, 1980. Print.
This book gave us insight how the marches at Selma shaped the story of the Voting Rights Act and how it was a critical moment and essential stepping stone to the signing of the Voting Rights Act. We used this book to get a better understanding of the complete story of the marches in Selma.
Gates, Henry Louis. Life upon These Shores: Looking at African American History, 1513-2008. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2011. Print.
A lot of pictures were used from this book on the historical context pages, because it really helped show the previous conditions of blacks before the Voting Rights Act was passed. It also clearly illustrated how the KKK instilled fear in the American south, by saying that black rule would lead to chaos.
Heinrichs, Ann. The Ku Klux Klan: A Hooded Brotherhood. Chanhassen, MN: Child's World, 2003. Print.
This book was helpful in giving us information for the Historical Context pages about the Ku Klux Klan and their influence in the lives of black people.
Hillstrom, Laurie Collier. The Voting Rights Act of 1965. N.p.: Omnigraphics, 2008. Print.
This book gave us a brief overview of the story of the Voting Rights Act from the Civil Rights Movement to the laws legacy. It also provided us with primary source testimonies in the back that were very useful and imperative in making up especially the Historical Context page. It also introduced all the important people involved in this act and included their biographies as well.
Hudson, David. Along Racial Lines: Consequences of the 1965 Voting Rights Act. 2. New York : Peter Lang Publishing, Inc., Print.
This book gave us in depth information about extensions to the Voting Rights Act that have been made over the years.
Johnson, Dennis W. The Laws That Shaped America: Fifteen Acts of Congress and Their Lasting Impact. New York: Routledge, 2009. Print.
When we were narrowing down our topic, we used this book to gain background information on the Voting Rights Act of 1965. It talked about Justice, Equality, and Democracy's promise.
Kotz, Nick. Judgment Days: Lyndon Baines Johnson, Martin Luther King, Jr., and the Laws That Changed America. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 2005. Print.
This book gave us a detailed view of how President Johnson worked with Martin Luther King to move the nation towards the historic Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965. We used information from this book on the Time was Right page of our website.
Landsberg, Brian K. Free at Last to Vote: The Alabama Origins of the 1965 Voting Rights Act. Lawrence: University of Kansas, 2007. Print.
We used this book to gain some background knowledge about barriers to voting prior to the signing of the Voting Rights Act of 1965.
Lublin, David. The Republican South: Democratization and Partisan Change. Princeton, NJ: Princeton UP, 2007. Print.
This book helped us understand the impact of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 in changing the southern region's politics. The Voting Rights Act of 1965 provided a sharp jolt forward in this process by greatly expanding the southern electorate. David Lublin argues in his book that the evolution of southern politics must be seen as part of a process of democratization of the region's politics. We used information from this book on the Impact - Other Consequences page.
Stephenson, Donald Grier, Jr. The Right to Vote: Rights and Liberties under the Law. Santa Barbra: ABC-CLIO, Inc., 2004. Print. America's Freedoms.
From this book learned about the different Supreme Court cases revolving the Voting Rights Act of 1965.
Timpone, Richard J. Mass Mobilization or Government Intervention? The Growth of Black Registration in the South. Vol. 57. N.p.: Journal of Politics, 1995. 425-42. No. 2. JSTOR. ITHAKA. Web. 30 Jan. 2013.
A quote from this book was used on the immediate reactions page. This explained why the south opposed the Voting Rights Act, due to the appointment of federal examiners intervening in state held elections.
This book gave us insight how the marches at Selma shaped the story of the Voting Rights Act and how it was a critical moment and essential stepping stone to the signing of the Voting Rights Act. We used this book to get a better understanding of the complete story of the marches in Selma.
Gates, Henry Louis. Life upon These Shores: Looking at African American History, 1513-2008. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2011. Print.
A lot of pictures were used from this book on the historical context pages, because it really helped show the previous conditions of blacks before the Voting Rights Act was passed. It also clearly illustrated how the KKK instilled fear in the American south, by saying that black rule would lead to chaos.
Heinrichs, Ann. The Ku Klux Klan: A Hooded Brotherhood. Chanhassen, MN: Child's World, 2003. Print.
This book was helpful in giving us information for the Historical Context pages about the Ku Klux Klan and their influence in the lives of black people.
Hillstrom, Laurie Collier. The Voting Rights Act of 1965. N.p.: Omnigraphics, 2008. Print.
This book gave us a brief overview of the story of the Voting Rights Act from the Civil Rights Movement to the laws legacy. It also provided us with primary source testimonies in the back that were very useful and imperative in making up especially the Historical Context page. It also introduced all the important people involved in this act and included their biographies as well.
Hudson, David. Along Racial Lines: Consequences of the 1965 Voting Rights Act. 2. New York : Peter Lang Publishing, Inc., Print.
This book gave us in depth information about extensions to the Voting Rights Act that have been made over the years.
Johnson, Dennis W. The Laws That Shaped America: Fifteen Acts of Congress and Their Lasting Impact. New York: Routledge, 2009. Print.
When we were narrowing down our topic, we used this book to gain background information on the Voting Rights Act of 1965. It talked about Justice, Equality, and Democracy's promise.
Kotz, Nick. Judgment Days: Lyndon Baines Johnson, Martin Luther King, Jr., and the Laws That Changed America. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 2005. Print.
This book gave us a detailed view of how President Johnson worked with Martin Luther King to move the nation towards the historic Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965. We used information from this book on the Time was Right page of our website.
Landsberg, Brian K. Free at Last to Vote: The Alabama Origins of the 1965 Voting Rights Act. Lawrence: University of Kansas, 2007. Print.
We used this book to gain some background knowledge about barriers to voting prior to the signing of the Voting Rights Act of 1965.
Lublin, David. The Republican South: Democratization and Partisan Change. Princeton, NJ: Princeton UP, 2007. Print.
This book helped us understand the impact of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 in changing the southern region's politics. The Voting Rights Act of 1965 provided a sharp jolt forward in this process by greatly expanding the southern electorate. David Lublin argues in his book that the evolution of southern politics must be seen as part of a process of democratization of the region's politics. We used information from this book on the Impact - Other Consequences page.
Stephenson, Donald Grier, Jr. The Right to Vote: Rights and Liberties under the Law. Santa Barbra: ABC-CLIO, Inc., 2004. Print. America's Freedoms.
From this book learned about the different Supreme Court cases revolving the Voting Rights Act of 1965.
Timpone, Richard J. Mass Mobilization or Government Intervention? The Growth of Black Registration in the South. Vol. 57. N.p.: Journal of Politics, 1995. 425-42. No. 2. JSTOR. ITHAKA. Web. 30 Jan. 2013.
A quote from this book was used on the immediate reactions page. This explained why the south opposed the Voting Rights Act, due to the appointment of federal examiners intervening in state held elections.
Ansolabehere, Stephen, Nathaniel Persily, and Charles Stewart, III. "Regional Differences in Racial Polarization in the 2012 Presidential Election: Implications for the Constitutionality of Section 5 of the Voting Rights Act." Harvard Law Review (2013): n. pag. Print.
This article provided us with information on the controversy over section 5 of the Voting Rights Act of 1965. We learned about how this problem is hard to gauge, and as Justice Roberts described it, it is the "Elephant Whistle" problem. This quote was used on the Controversy over Section 5 page.
This article provided us with information on the controversy over section 5 of the Voting Rights Act of 1965. We learned about how this problem is hard to gauge, and as Justice Roberts described it, it is the "Elephant Whistle" problem. This quote was used on the Controversy over Section 5 page.
Ansolabehere, Stephen, Nathaniel Persily, and Charles Stewart, III. "Race, Region, and Vote Choice in the 2008 Election: Implications for the Future of the Voting Rights Acts." Harvard Law Review 123.6 (2010): 1385-436. Apr. 2010. Web. 1 Jan. 2013.
This article discusses the election of Barack Obama's election in 2008 on the Voting Rights Act, especially section 5 of this law. We used this information on the Future of Section 5 of the Voting Rights Act page.
This article discusses the election of Barack Obama's election in 2008 on the Voting Rights Act, especially section 5 of this law. We used this information on the Future of Section 5 of the Voting Rights Act page.
Becerra, Hector. "Polls Point to a Racially Polarized Electorate." Los Angeles Times, 01 Nov. 2012. Web. 18 Jan. 2013.
We used information from the LA Times article to show the birth of racially polarized voting. This information was used on the Political Impact page.
We used information from the LA Times article to show the birth of racially polarized voting. This information was used on the Political Impact page.
"Blacks Upbeat about Black Progress, Prospects." Pew Social Demographic Trends RSS. Pew Research Center, 12 Jan. 2010. Web. 20 Jan. 2013.
We used information ( graphs ) from the Pew research center report which showed that blacks’ assessments about the state of black progress in America have improved more dramatically during the past two years than at any time in the past quarter century. We used this information on the Socioeconomic impact page to show that voting rights helped in social and economic progress.
We used information ( graphs ) from the Pew research center report which showed that blacks’ assessments about the state of black progress in America have improved more dramatically during the past two years than at any time in the past quarter century. We used this information on the Socioeconomic impact page to show that voting rights helped in social and economic progress.
Bositis, David A. "Resegregation in Southern Politics?" Joint Center for Political and Economic Studies, Nov. 2011. Web. 5 Jan. 2013.
We used information from this article to show that the racially polarized voting that defines much of southern politics at this time, is in certain ways recreating the segregated system of the Old South. We used this information on the Political Impact page.
We used information from this article to show that the racially polarized voting that defines much of southern politics at this time, is in certain ways recreating the segregated system of the Old South. We used this information on the Political Impact page.
Bravin, Jess. "Supreme Court to Tackle Voting-Rights Case." Wall Street Journal, 26 Feb. 2013. Web. 27 Mar. 2013.
We used a quote and a graph in the proponents section in the controversy over section 5 page. In this article, the author contends that since bailouts have been made easier in 2009, there has been a spike in the number of bailouts that have been granted. So the federal government contents that section 5 is not as intrusive.
We used a quote and a graph in the proponents section in the controversy over section 5 page. In this article, the author contends that since bailouts have been made easier in 2009, there has been a spike in the number of bailouts that have been granted. So the federal government contents that section 5 is not as intrusive.
Chay, Kenneth, and Kaivan Munshi. Black Networks After Emancipation: Evidence from Reconstruction and the Great Migration. Rep. N.p.: Brown University, 2012. Print.
This report gave us insight into the rise and fall of black voting after reconstruction. It was very useful for our Historical Context page and help us understand how only due to Union control in the South were blacks actually able to vote for a short period of time after reconstruction.
This report gave us insight into the rise and fall of black voting after reconstruction. It was very useful for our Historical Context page and help us understand how only due to Union control in the South were blacks actually able to vote for a short period of time after reconstruction.
Cohen, Andrew. "On Voting Rights, the Supremes' Most Notable Quotes." The Atlantic, 28 Feb. 2013. Web. 22 Mar. 2013.
This article summarized the notable quotes made by the Supreme Court Justices in the oral arguments in the Shelby County vs Holder case. We used a quote from this article in our controversy over section 5 page.
This article summarized the notable quotes made by the Supreme Court Justices in the oral arguments in the Shelby County vs Holder case. We used a quote from this article in our controversy over section 5 page.
Davis, Ronald L.F. "Racial Etiquette: The Racial Customs and Rules of Racial Behavior in Jim Crow America." (n.d.): n. pag. DESTEE. Web. 10 Jan. 2013
This article was important in highlighting the Jim Crow South Era. It described how this was an era of hatred and forced black inferiority to whites and set the stage for harsh discriminatory practices in the voting prevention fields as well. This source helped to highlight what the problems were during this era and how to fix them.
This article was important in highlighting the Jim Crow South Era. It described how this was an era of hatred and forced black inferiority to whites and set the stage for harsh discriminatory practices in the voting prevention fields as well. This source helped to highlight what the problems were during this era and how to fix them.
Edley, Christopher, Jr. "The Value of the Vote: The 1965 Voting Rights Act and Beyond." Proc. of Wiley A. Branton/Howard Law Journal Symposium. 28 Oct. 2005. Web.
We took a quote from Christopher Edley's keynote speech to show that while Voting Rights Act has resulted in progress, it has also resulted in unintended consequences. We used this quote on the Future page.
We took a quote from Christopher Edley's keynote speech to show that while Voting Rights Act has resulted in progress, it has also resulted in unintended consequences. We used this quote on the Future page.
Fineberg, Gail. "Voices of Civil Rights." Library of Congress, Oct. 2004. Web. 19 Mar. 2013.
We used a picture of Martin Luther King Jr. delivering a speech at Girard College, Philadelphia, 1965 from this website. Since this article on the website hosted by the Library of Congress is for collecting Oral Histories from the past, we classified this as a primary source.
We used a picture of Martin Luther King Jr. delivering a speech at Girard College, Philadelphia, 1965 from this website. Since this article on the website hosted by the Library of Congress is for collecting Oral Histories from the past, we classified this as a primary source.
Frey, William H. The New Great Migration: Black Americans’ Return to the South, 1965–2000. Research Report. Center on Urban and Metropolitan Policy, The Brookings Institute, May 2004. Web. 10 May 2013.
In this report, an analysis of migration data from the past four decennial censuses at regional, state, and metropolitan-area levels indicated that the South scored net gains of black migrants from all three of the other regions of the U.S. during the late 1990s, reversing a 35-year trend. we used a graph from this data on the Economic Impact of the Voting Rights Act page. This was done to show that because of improved race relations as a result of the Voting Rights Act, blacks migrated back to their roots.
In this report, an analysis of migration data from the past four decennial censuses at regional, state, and metropolitan-area levels indicated that the South scored net gains of black migrants from all three of the other regions of the U.S. during the late 1990s, reversing a 35-year trend. we used a graph from this data on the Economic Impact of the Voting Rights Act page. This was done to show that because of improved race relations as a result of the Voting Rights Act, blacks migrated back to their roots.
Frey, William H. "Why Minorities Will Decide the 2012 U.S. Election." The Brookings Institution, May 2012. Web. 25 Jan. 2013.
We used information from this article on the Political Impact page where we present data that the shifting demographics and power of the minority may cause the political pendulum to shift.
We used information from this article on the Political Impact page where we present data that the shifting demographics and power of the minority may cause the political pendulum to shift.
Garrow, David. "Voting Rights Act of 1965 in Historical Perspective." The Georgia Historical Quarterly No. 3 Vol. 74, No. 3 (FALL 1990):377,398. JSTOR. Web. 26 Jan. 2013.
This article was very helpful in understanding the Voting Rights Act. We used a quote from this article on the Turning point page. We also used a picture of the handbill passed out in Selma that the author had in his possession. This picture was used on the impact page.
This article was very helpful in understanding the Voting Rights Act. We used a quote from this article on the Turning point page. We also used a picture of the handbill passed out in Selma that the author had in his possession. This picture was used on the impact page.
Hankins, Lamar W. "Suppressing Democracy 101." Truthout. N.p., 24 June 2012. Web. 3 Jan. 2013.
This article is about current barriers to voting that minorities face in our voting system, especially voter ID laws. We used this information in a quote on our Current Barriers to Voting page.
This article is about current barriers to voting that minorities face in our voting system, especially voter ID laws. We used this information in a quote on our Current Barriers to Voting page.
Jackson, Brooks. "Black Party Identification." Blacks and the Democratic Party. FactCheckorg, 18 Apr. 2008. Web. 12 May 2013.
Using David A. Bositis's, "Blacks and the 2004 Democratic National Convention." from Joint Center for Political and Economic Studies, the FaceCheckorg website created a graphy to show the Presidential vote and party identification of black Americans trends from 1936–2000. The graph indicates that since Johnson signed the 1965 Voting Rights Act, no Republican presidential candidate has gotten more than 15 percent of the black vote since.most black identify themselves with other blacks. we used this graph on our political impact page.
Using David A. Bositis's, "Blacks and the 2004 Democratic National Convention." from Joint Center for Political and Economic Studies, the FaceCheckorg website created a graphy to show the Presidential vote and party identification of black Americans trends from 1936–2000. The graph indicates that since Johnson signed the 1965 Voting Rights Act, no Republican presidential candidate has gotten more than 15 percent of the black vote since.most black identify themselves with other blacks. we used this graph on our political impact page.
Mears, Bill. "Justices Offer Split Views on Voting Rights Act Enforcement." CNN, 27 Feb. 2013. Web. 27 Mar. 2013.
This article analyzed the comments made during the supreme court oral arguments on the Shelby County vs Holder case. The justices were split in their opinions. We used a quote from this article in the section on the Shelby County case in the controversy over section 5 page.
This article analyzed the comments made during the supreme court oral arguments on the Shelby County vs Holder case. The justices were split in their opinions. We used a quote from this article in the section on the Shelby County case in the controversy over section 5 page.
Mercia, Dan. "Blacks Outvoted Whites in 2012, the First Time on Record." CNN Political Ticker RSS. CNN, 9 May 2013. Web. 11 May 2013.
This article talked about the recent report from the Census Buereau which said that for the first time in history African-Americans outnumbers the whites in the Presidential elections. We used this information on the Impact-TheNumbers page.
This article talked about the recent report from the Census Buereau which said that for the first time in history African-Americans outnumbers the whites in the Presidential elections. We used this information on the Impact-TheNumbers page.
O'Toole, Kathleen. Economist Says Civil Rights Movement Was Economic Success. 26 Jan. 2000. New Release by Stanford.
This news release by Stanford talked explained how Gavin Wright, an economist thought that the Civil Rights Movement was an economic success. We were able to use the information from this release in our impact page showing how the voting rights act had an economic impact.
This news release by Stanford talked explained how Gavin Wright, an economist thought that the Civil Rights Movement was an economic success. We were able to use the information from this release in our impact page showing how the voting rights act had an economic impact.
Richey, Warren. "Voting Rights Act." The Christian Science Monitor. The Christian Science Monitor, 26 Feb. 2013. Web. 27 Mar. 2013.
This article was written the day before Supreme Court heard arguments in the Shelby County vs Holder case. The main point in the Shelby county case boils down to one word - federalism. We used a quote from this article on the controversy over section 5 page where we discuss the Shelby county case.
This article was written the day before Supreme Court heard arguments in the Shelby County vs Holder case. The main point in the Shelby county case boils down to one word - federalism. We used a quote from this article on the controversy over section 5 page where we discuss the Shelby county case.
"Voting Rights Act of 1965." Duke Law Journal No. 2 Vol. 1966 (Spring 1966): 463-83. JSTOR. Web. 26 Jan. 2013.
This journal article, explains that the Voting Rights Act corrected the previous failed legislation’s attempts at securing black voting rights. We used multiple quotes from this article was used on the Voting Rights Act of 1965 page.
This journal article, explains that the Voting Rights Act corrected the previous failed legislation’s attempts at securing black voting rights. We used multiple quotes from this article was used on the Voting Rights Act of 1965 page.
Whitman, Alden. "Obituary - Earl Warren." New York Times. N.p. 10 July 1974. Web. 20 Mar. 2013.
From this article published in the Obituary section for Justice Warren, we learned that Earl Warren led the high court in times of vast social change. This was the period when the Voting Rights Act and Civil Rights Acts were passed. We used a quote from this article on the Time was Right page.
From this article published in the Obituary section for Justice Warren, we learned that Earl Warren led the high court in times of vast social change. This was the period when the Voting Rights Act and Civil Rights Acts were passed. We used a quote from this article on the Time was Right page.
Wolf, Richard. "Supreme Court to Hear Voting Rights Case." USA Today 9 Nov. 2012: n. pag. Print.
This article talks about how the Supreme Court has agreed to consider a challenge on the Voting Rights Act of 1965, and about the controversy surrounding the Shelby County Ala. v Holder case.
This article talks about how the Supreme Court has agreed to consider a challenge on the Voting Rights Act of 1965, and about the controversy surrounding the Shelby County Ala. v Holder case.
Aguilar, Julian. Updated: Supreme Court Begins Oral Arguments on Section 5. N.d. Photograph. The Texas Tribune. 26 Feb. 2013. Web. 10 Mar. 2013.
This picture of a sign showing the use of Voter ID to register to vote, was used on the VRA Today page, to show the current barriers to voting.
This picture of a sign showing the use of Voter ID to register to vote, was used on the VRA Today page, to show the current barriers to voting.
"Allyson Hobbs." C-SPAN Video Library. N.p., 10 May 2011. Web. 28 Mar. 2013.
Professor Allyson Hobbs is a specialist in African-American social and cultural history and 20th century American history. Her lecture on the Great Migration was broadcast on CSPAN. We interviewed her for our project and used the a picture from the CSPAN video page on the page with her interview transcript.
Professor Allyson Hobbs is a specialist in African-American social and cultural history and 20th century American history. Her lecture on the Great Migration was broadcast on CSPAN. We interviewed her for our project and used the a picture from the CSPAN video page on the page with her interview transcript.
Benson, Steve. Cartoon. Scaila Justice, the Racial Entitlement of the Voting Rights Act. U.S. News and World Report. Creators Syndicate, 2 Mar. 2013. Web. 27 Mar. 2013.
We used this political cartoon showing Justice Scalia's comment about Voting Rights being a racial entitlement on the controversy over Section 5 page.
We used this political cartoon showing Justice Scalia's comment about Voting Rights being a racial entitlement on the controversy over Section 5 page.
Bukowski, Diane. Winds of Change. Digital image. Interactive Negrophobia. Voice of Detroit, 24 Mar. 2012. Web. 18 Jan. 2013.
We used the image titled "Winds of Change" from the article in the Voices of Detroit. We used this image to show that the Voting Rights Act caused the political winds to change. This image was used on the Impact page.
Chancellor, Carl. Disenfranchisement Is a Constant Theme Running Through African American History. N.d. Photograph. Center for American Progress. Center for American Progress, 24 Feb. 2012. Web. 10 Mar. 2013.
This picture of African Americans protesting for the right to vote was used on the VRA Today page, showing their fight for this key right.
We used the image titled "Winds of Change" from the article in the Voices of Detroit. We used this image to show that the Voting Rights Act caused the political winds to change. This image was used on the Impact page.
Chancellor, Carl. Disenfranchisement Is a Constant Theme Running Through African American History. N.d. Photograph. Center for American Progress. Center for American Progress, 24 Feb. 2012. Web. 10 Mar. 2013.
This picture of African Americans protesting for the right to vote was used on the VRA Today page, showing their fight for this key right.
Chiles, Nick. "Congressional Black Caucus Will Walk Out to Protest Eric Holder Contempt Vote." Atlanta Black Star, 28 June 2012. Web. 27 Jan. 2013.
We used an image from this article as the icon on the Impact page. The picture shows the Members of the Congressional Black Caucus gathered together to protest the Eric Holder contempt vote in Congress. It shows the power of the Coalition.
We used an image from this article as the icon on the Impact page. The picture shows the Members of the Congressional Black Caucus gathered together to protest the Eric Holder contempt vote in Congress. It shows the power of the Coalition.
Civil Rights Marchers Attacked in Selma. Digital image. The New York Times. N.p., 7 Mar. 2012. Web. 29 Mar. 2013.
This is an iconic picture of marchers getting beaten at Selma March in Montgomery, Alabama. We used this picture on the Time Was Right page in one of the slide shows.
"Congressional Black Caucus." Black Agenda Report. N.p., 2012. Web. 10 Mar. 2013.
A picture of the Congressional Black Caucus (CBC) was used on the Then and Now slideshow.
This is an iconic picture of marchers getting beaten at Selma March in Montgomery, Alabama. We used this picture on the Time Was Right page in one of the slide shows.
"Congressional Black Caucus." Black Agenda Report. N.p., 2012. Web. 10 Mar. 2013.
A picture of the Congressional Black Caucus (CBC) was used on the Then and Now slideshow.
Criminal Disenfranschisement Laws Across the United States. Digital image. Brennan Center for Justice, n.d. Web. 20 Jan. 2013.
This image shows the felon disenfranchisement laws across the different states in the U.S. We used this image on our Current Barriers to Voting page.
This image shows the felon disenfranchisement laws across the different states in the U.S. We used this image on our Current Barriers to Voting page.
David Garrow. N.d. Photograph. Biography. Web. 29 Jan. 2013.
<http://www.davidgarrow.com>.
We interviewed Dr. David Garrow for our project and used this image along with quotes from his interview.
<http://www.davidgarrow.com>.
We interviewed Dr. David Garrow for our project and used this image along with quotes from his interview.
Day, Bill. Jim Crow Jr. Cartoon. Cagle Cartoons, 27 Feb. 2013. Web. 27 Mar. 2013.
We used this political cartoon that shows a crow flying to tell that the Voting Rights Act is dead. This cartoon reflects the 1960's mentality before the Voting Rights Act was passed.
We used this political cartoon that shows a crow flying to tell that the Voting Rights Act is dead. This cartoon reflects the 1960's mentality before the Voting Rights Act was passed.
Digital image. NAACP. N.p., n.d. Web. 25 Dec. 2012.
We used this picture from the NAACP on our Home page in our picture timeline, to show how there are still barriers to voting today, and people are fighting against it.
We used this picture from the NAACP on our Home page in our picture timeline, to show how there are still barriers to voting today, and people are fighting against it.
Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Digital image. WHY TUESDAY. N.p., 15 Jan. 2010. Web. 26 Jan. 2013.
This picture of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. was used on the turning point page.
Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. N.d. Photograph. TIME Photos. Time Magazine, 2012. Web. 10 Mar. 2013.
This is a picture of MLK which was used on the VRA Today page and as a comparison between MLK then and President Obama now.
This picture of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. was used on the turning point page.
Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. N.d. Photograph. TIME Photos. Time Magazine, 2012. Web. 10 Mar. 2013.
This is a picture of MLK which was used on the VRA Today page and as a comparison between MLK then and President Obama now.
Dr. Richard Bailey. Digital image. JOHN F. BLAIR,, PUBLISHER. N.p., 2010. Web. 26 Jan. 2013.
This picture of Dr. Richard Bailey was used on the turning point page.
This picture of Dr. Richard Bailey was used on the turning point page.
Don Zimmerman. Digital image. PolitiFact Texas. Austin American Statesman, 31 May 2011. Web. 27 Mar. 2013.
We used a picture of Don Zimmerman from the this article on the Austin American Statesman. We used the picture on the controversy over section 5 page.
We used a picture of Don Zimmerman from the this article on the Austin American Statesman. We used the picture on the controversy over section 5 page.
Florida Today, and Fort Myers News-Press. Cartoon. California Political Review. N.p.: n.p., n.d. Print.
This political cartoon is about the new voter id laws.
This political cartoon is about the new voter id laws.
George Wallace. Digital image. St. Rosemary Educational Institution, n.d. Web. 26 Jan. 2013.
This picture of governor George Wallace was used on the turning point page.
This picture of governor George Wallace was used on the turning point page.
Granlund, Dave. Cartoon. NBC News: Voter ID. Dave Granlund, n.d. Web. 4 Jan. 2013.
This political cartoon shows how voter IDs make it harder for some people to vote. We used this cartoon on our Current Barriers to Voting page.
This political cartoon shows how voter IDs make it harder for some people to vote. We used this cartoon on our Current Barriers to Voting page.
Granlund, Dave. "I Have a Dream ... Come True." Dave Granlund Editorial Cartoons and Illustrations RSS. N.p., 2009. Web. 20 Jan. 2013.
We used the cartoon by Dave Grandlund which shows MLK saying" I have a Dream" and a picture of Obama next to MLK with the words "come True" to show that MLK's dream of there being a "Negro President" one day came true. We used this image on our Impact page.
We used the cartoon by Dave Grandlund which shows MLK saying" I have a Dream" and a picture of Obama next to MLK with the words "come True" to show that MLK's dream of there being a "Negro President" one day came true. We used this image on our Impact page.
Group of happy African-Americans. Digital image. Blacks' Optimism on Race and the Economy Rises; Latinos Wary. TheGrio, 12 Jan. 2010. Web. 12 May 2013.
We used this image for the icon for the Social Impact page since it depicts the optimism of the African-Americans. The article that this picture appeared on talks about the rise in the optimism on race and the economy among blacks.
We used this image for the icon for the Social Impact page since it depicts the optimism of the African-Americans. The article that this picture appeared on talks about the rise in the optimism on race and the economy among blacks.
"Gutierrez: Congressional Hispanic Caucus Ask for One Simple Thing in Immigration Reform - Fairness." Representative Luis V. Gutierrez, 28 Nov. 2012. Web. 29 Jan. 2013.
On November 28, 2012 Rep. Gutierrez, the Hispanic Caucus, and Senator Menendez announced "One Nation" - their 9 principles on immigration reform. The principles were drafted to guide their work and make their priorities clear. We used a picture from this website to show the power of the Hispanic Caucus in advancing their issues.
On November 28, 2012 Rep. Gutierrez, the Hispanic Caucus, and Senator Menendez announced "One Nation" - their 9 principles on immigration reform. The principles were drafted to guide their work and make their priorities clear. We used a picture from this website to show the power of the Hispanic Caucus in advancing their issues.
Gwathmey, Robert. Nobody Round Here Calls Me Citizen. 1943. Artful Writing. Frederick R. Weisman Art Museum. Web. 20 Feb. 2013.
This picture shows how even after returning from World War II, where African Americans had been given full rights, they were still treated like second class citizens and discriminated against when they returned home. We used this picture on the Rekindling the Fire page to convey this important stimulus.
This picture shows how even after returning from World War II, where African Americans had been given full rights, they were still treated like second class citizens and discriminated against when they returned home. We used this picture on the Rekindling the Fire page to convey this important stimulus.
Heller, Joe. Cartoon. NBC News: Voter ID. Green Bay Press Gazette, n.d. Web. 4 Jan. 2013.
In this political cartoon the author implies that voter fraud is basically nonexistent.
In this political cartoon the author implies that voter fraud is basically nonexistent.
KKK Symbol. N.d. Photograph. Adl.org. Anti-Defamation League. Web. 2 Mar. 2013.
This is a picture of the Ku Kulx Klans symbol. We used this picture on the Post Civil War page to show how the Ku Klux Klan played a big role in disenfranchising and scaring many blacks into not voting and staying "in their place" (inferior to whites)
This is a picture of the Ku Kulx Klans symbol. We used this picture on the Post Civil War page to show how the Ku Klux Klan played a big role in disenfranchising and scaring many blacks into not voting and staying "in their place" (inferior to whites)
Lawyers Committee for Civil Rights under Law. Digital image. University of Minnesota. N.p., 23 May 2012. Web. 16 Dec. 2012.
This picture is a jumble of words describing Section 5 of the Voting Rights Act of 1965. We used this picture on our Future Page, because it ties in with the Shelby County case, and Northwest Austin case since they were both about Section 5 of the Voting Rights Act.
This picture is a jumble of words describing Section 5 of the Voting Rights Act of 1965. We used this picture on our Future Page, because it ties in with the Shelby County case, and Northwest Austin case since they were both about Section 5 of the Voting Rights Act.
Levitt, Justin. "Where Are the Lines Drawn?" All About Redistricting. N.p., n.d. Web. 20 Jan. 2013.
This picture showing the covered jurisdictions under section 5 is used on the turning point page.
This picture showing the covered jurisdictions under section 5 is used on the turning point page.
Lowe, Chan. Cartoon. Progress North Carolina. South Florida Sun-Sentinel, 8 Sept. 2011. Web. 4 Jan. 2013.
This political cartoon is making fun of voter ID's in general. We used this political cartoon on the Current Barrier to Voting Page, under Voter ID, under opposition to add a humorous interpretation of some people's opinions.
This political cartoon is making fun of voter ID's in general. We used this political cartoon on the Current Barrier to Voting Page, under Voter ID, under opposition to add a humorous interpretation of some people's opinions.
Lowe, Chan. Cartoon. Supreme Court Considers the Voting Rights Act. U.S. News and World Report. Tribune Media Services, 2 Mar. 2013. Web. 27 Mar. 2013.
We used this political cartoon showing two separate fountains for conservative and liberal justices to show that the Supreme Court seems divided on the fate of the Voting Rights Act. We used this image on the Controversy over Section 5 page.
We used this political cartoon showing two separate fountains for conservative and liberal justices to show that the Supreme Court seems divided on the fate of the Voting Rights Act. We used this image on the Controversy over Section 5 page.
Margulies, Jimmy. Cartoon. NBC News: Voter ID. New Jersey Record, n.d. Web. 4 Jan. 2013.
This political cartoon makes fun of Voter ID laws, by comparing this situation to when the Declaration of Independence was signed.
This political cartoon makes fun of Voter ID laws, by comparing this situation to when the Declaration of Independence was signed.
Mark. Raised Hand pointing to the words ONE VOTE. Digital image. Voting Rights. News Corpse, 16 Oct. 2012. Web. 12 May 2013.
We used this image as the icon for the Economic Impact page.
We used this image as the icon for the Economic Impact page.
Maynard Jackson (1938-2003). Digital image. Government and Politics. The New Georgia Encyclopedia, 16 May 2012. Web. 29 Jan. 2013.
We used the picture of Atlanta's mayor Maynard Jackson in the slideshow on the Impact- Numbers page.Maynard Jackson was the first African American to serve as mayor of a major southern city. He was elected mayor of Atlanta in 1973.
We used the picture of Atlanta's mayor Maynard Jackson in the slideshow on the Impact- Numbers page.Maynard Jackson was the first African American to serve as mayor of a major southern city. He was elected mayor of Atlanta in 1973.
Miller, Francis. Demonstrators picketing with signs that say "Unrestricted Voting Rights" Digital image. Time Life Pictures, July 1960. Getty Images, 1 Sept. 2010. Web. 12 May 2013.
On our Impact base, ee used this picture of people picketing in favor of a strong civil rights plank outside GOP convention hall in Chicago July 1960.
On our Impact base, ee used this picture of people picketing in favor of a strong civil rights plank outside GOP convention hall in Chicago July 1960.
Motor Voter - The National Voter Registration Act of 1993. Digital image. Docstoc, 6 June 2010. Web. 9 Jan. 2013.
We used an icon for the Motor Voter Act from this website. This image is being used on the Power of Coalition page.
We used an icon for the Motor Voter Act from this website. This image is being used on the Power of Coalition page.
NAACP. NAACP Logo. N.d. Photograph. Naacp.org. National Association for the Advancement of Colored People. Web. 14 Mar. 2013.
This is a picture of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People's logo. We used it on our Post Civil War page to show the rise and involvement of the NAACP in African American rights and the Civil Rights Movement and how they energized the black population to fight for their rights.
This is a picture of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People's logo. We used it on our Post Civil War page to show the rise and involvement of the NAACP in African American rights and the Civil Rights Movement and how they energized the black population to fight for their rights.
Nathaniel Persily. N.d. Photograph. Full Time Faculty. Columbia Law School. Web. 29 Jan. 2013.
We interviewed Dr. Persily for our project and used this image of him from the faculty page of the Columbia Law School along with quotes from his interview.
We interviewed Dr. Persily for our project and used this image of him from the faculty page of the Columbia Law School along with quotes from his interview.
Okamoto, Yoichi. N.d. Photograph. NPR. LBJ Library, 26 Nov. 2008. Web. 29 Mar. 2013.
This photo is of President Johnson talking on the phone. We used this picture on our Time Was Right page in our slide show about President Johnson.
This photo is of President Johnson talking on the phone. We used this picture on our Time Was Right page in our slide show about President Johnson.
Palmer, Kate. Cartoon. The Voting Rights Act of 1965 Is Being Debated at the Supreme Court. The Association of American Editorial Cartoonists, 1 Mar. 2013. Web. 27 Mar. 2013.
We used this political cartoon showing a crow named Jim shouting "evermore?" on the controversy over Section 5 page.
We used this political cartoon showing a crow named Jim shouting "evermore?" on the controversy over Section 5 page.
Part 10-The Passage of the 1965 Voting Rights Act - Digital Media. APTPLUS Digital Media Library. Alabama Public Television, n.d. Web. 24 Jan. 2013.
A quote from this video, said by Dr. Richard Bailey, talks about the immediate reaction to the passage of the Voting Rights Act. There was an increased black voter registration in the southern states, where previously an increased amount of discrimination was seen. This quote was used on the turning point page.
"Politics." KATU. KATU, 26 Oct. 2012. Web. 10 Mar. 2013.
A picture from this website, was used on the VRA Today page, showing that one vote is one voice, and that you should be heard.
A quote from this video, said by Dr. Richard Bailey, talks about the immediate reaction to the passage of the Voting Rights Act. There was an increased black voter registration in the southern states, where previously an increased amount of discrimination was seen. This quote was used on the turning point page.
"Politics." KATU. KATU, 26 Oct. 2012. Web. 10 Mar. 2013.
A picture from this website, was used on the VRA Today page, showing that one vote is one voice, and that you should be heard.
President Johnson talking on the phone. Digital image. NPR. U.S. National Archives, 15 Nov. 2003. Web. 29 Mar. 2013.
This picture is of President Johnson in the Oval Office talking a phone call. We used this picture on our Time Was Right page in our slide show about President Johnson.
This picture is of President Johnson in the Oval Office talking a phone call. We used this picture on our Time Was Right page in our slide show about President Johnson.
Rep. John Lewis. Digital image. LYNDON B. JOHNSON SCHOOL OF PUBLIC AFFAIRS. N.p., 17 Nov. 2010. Web. 28 Jan. 2013.
This picture of Representative John Lewis, was used on the turning point page.
This picture of Representative John Lewis, was used on the turning point page.
Renn, Aaron M. "Census 2010 Offers Portrait of America in Transition." Newgeography.com, 26 Mar. 2011. Web. 28 Jan. 2013.
We used the maps of the 2010 Census data which shows the distribution of the Blacks and Hispanics in the nation. These images are used on the Political Impact Page.
We used the maps of the 2010 Census data which shows the distribution of the Blacks and Hispanics in the nation. These images are used on the Political Impact Page.
"Robert Moses." National Visionary Leadership Project. N.p., n.d. Web. 30 Mar. 2013.
We intereviewed Robert Moses for our project and used this picture of him next to quotes from his interviews on several pages on our website.
We intereviewed Robert Moses for our project and used this picture of him next to quotes from his interviews on several pages on our website.
Rogers, Rob. Literacy Test. Digital image. Pittsburgh Post Gazette, 1 Mar. 2013. Web. 27 Mar. 2013.
This political cartoon where the cartoonist thinks that the Supreme Court conservative judges are living in a bubble because they believe that the voting rights act is no longer needed. Otherwise, they would have seen all of the attempted voter ID laws and gerrymandering by GOP-led states, all used to disenfranchise African American voters. We used this cartoon on the controversy over section 5 page.
This political cartoon where the cartoonist thinks that the Supreme Court conservative judges are living in a bubble because they believe that the voting rights act is no longer needed. Otherwise, they would have seen all of the attempted voter ID laws and gerrymandering by GOP-led states, all used to disenfranchise African American voters. We used this cartoon on the controversy over section 5 page.
Sargent, Ben. Cartoon. Austin American-Statesman. N.p., 18 Aug. 2012. Web. 3 Jan. 2013.
This cartoon by Ben Sargent for the Austin American-Statesman depicts a law requiring photo IDs for Texas poll booths. However, this law was later shot down by the U.S. Department of Justice.
This cartoon by Ben Sargent for the Austin American-Statesman depicts a law requiring photo IDs for Texas poll booths. However, this law was later shot down by the U.S. Department of Justice.
Shirley Franklin. Digital image. University of Texas, Austin. 2013. Web. 19 Mar 2013.
We got a picture of Shirley Franklin, a two term Mayor of Atlanta from the University of Texas faculty website. Shirley Franklin is a visiting professor at the University of Texas at Austin. We used this picture on the Interview Transcript page along with her interview details.
Smith, Mark S. N.d. Photograph. GOPUSA. Freelance Wordpress Developer, 26 Sept. 2011. Web. 10 Mar. 2013.
This is the picture of President Obama that was on the VRA Today page, which was used to show a major accomplishment of MLK’s dream.
"Swing State Project." : Growing Republican Strength Along the Rio Grande River? Swing State Project, 12 Feb. 2011. Web. 10 Mar. 2013.
This is the graph used on the Unintended Consequences page to show the political twist in the south, specifically focusing on Texas.
The Economist. The Long Goodbye. N.d. Photograph. The Economist. The Economist Newpaper Limited, 11 Nov. 2010. Web. 10 Mar. 2013.
This is a graph used on the Unintended Consequences page, showing political realignment in the south.
We got a picture of Shirley Franklin, a two term Mayor of Atlanta from the University of Texas faculty website. Shirley Franklin is a visiting professor at the University of Texas at Austin. We used this picture on the Interview Transcript page along with her interview details.
Smith, Mark S. N.d. Photograph. GOPUSA. Freelance Wordpress Developer, 26 Sept. 2011. Web. 10 Mar. 2013.
This is the picture of President Obama that was on the VRA Today page, which was used to show a major accomplishment of MLK’s dream.
"Swing State Project." : Growing Republican Strength Along the Rio Grande River? Swing State Project, 12 Feb. 2011. Web. 10 Mar. 2013.
This is the graph used on the Unintended Consequences page to show the political twist in the south, specifically focusing on Texas.
The Economist. The Long Goodbye. N.d. Photograph. The Economist. The Economist Newpaper Limited, 11 Nov. 2010. Web. 10 Mar. 2013.
This is a graph used on the Unintended Consequences page, showing political realignment in the south.
"The Gerry-mander." Cartoon. American Thinker. N.p., 21 July 2011. Web. 3 Jan. 2013.
This is an easier to read version of the iconic gerrymandering cartoon first created in 1812. It first appeared in the Boston Gazette on March 26th, 1812. We used this cartoon on our Current Barriers to Voting page, under Gerrymandering.
This is an easier to read version of the iconic gerrymandering cartoon first created in 1812. It first appeared in the Boston Gazette on March 26th, 1812. We used this cartoon on our Current Barriers to Voting page, under Gerrymandering.
Thompson, Mike. The Supreme Court Takes up the Voting Right Act. Cartoon. Detroit Free Press, 28 Feb. 2013. Web. 27 Mar. 2013.
In this political cartoon, the cartoonist makes fun of people wanting to impose restrictions on voting rights but not on gun control. We used this cartoon on the controversy over section 5 page.
In this political cartoon, the cartoonist makes fun of people wanting to impose restrictions on voting rights but not on gun control. We used this cartoon on the controversy over section 5 page.
Tornoe, Rob. Cartoon. NBC News: Voter ID. The Center for Public Integrity, n.d. Web. 4 Jan. 2013.
This political cartoons shows aspects in our voting system that have been discriminating throughout the years, then adds voter ID into this mix.
This political cartoons shows aspects in our voting system that have been discriminating throughout the years, then adds voter ID into this mix.
Voter ID Banner. Digital image. BET. N.p., 2 Mar. 2012. Web. 14 Dec. 2012.
This Voter ID Banner depicts how without Voter ID laws, then there would be lots of Voter Fraud.We used this picture in the proponents section under Voter ID, in our Current Barriers to Voting page.
This Voter ID Banner depicts how without Voter ID laws, then there would be lots of Voter Fraud.We used this picture in the proponents section under Voter ID, in our Current Barriers to Voting page.
Voter ID = Poll Tax. N.d. Photograph. Brandonjsutton. 16 July 2012. Web. 4 Jan. 2013.
This is an image of a sign which compares voter ID to poll taxes, saying that they are equal. This shows that the person feels that like poll taxes were, voter ID laws are a form of discrimination.
This is an image of a sign which compares voter ID to poll taxes, saying that they are equal. This shows that the person feels that like poll taxes were, voter ID laws are a form of discrimination.
Warren Christopher. Digital image. Burkle Center for International Relations. The Regents of the University of California, 2012. Web. 26 Jan. 2013.
This picture used on the turning point page, was of Former U.S. Secretary of State, Warren Christopher.
This picture used on the turning point page, was of Former U.S. Secretary of State, Warren Christopher.
W.E.B. Du Bois. N.d. Photograph. News.lib.uchicago.edu. The University of Chicago. Web. 15 Mar. 2013.
This picture of W.E.B. Du Bois helped enhance our Rekindling the Fire and was a great asset to the quote from his speech, adding a visual as well as color.
This picture of W.E.B. Du Bois helped enhance our Rekindling the Fire and was a great asset to the quote from his speech, adding a visual as well as color.
Whitney, Gleaves. Picture of Allen Fisher, Archivist, LBJ Library and Museum. Digital image. LBJ Presidential Library and Museum. ScholarWorks, Grand Valley State University Libraries, 14 June 2005. Web. 18 Jan. 2013.
We interviewed the LBJ Museum's Archivist Allen Fisher for our project. We used a picture of Allen Fisher from this website on our Interviews page.
We interviewed the LBJ Museum's Archivist Allen Fisher for our project. We used a picture of Allen Fisher from this website on our Interviews page.
Wong, Alex. The Rev. Martin Luther King Jr., left, speaks in New York, Oct. 16, 1965, and President Obama, Dec. 3, 2012, at the National Defense University in Washington. Digital image. Martin Luther King's Dream for Justice Challenges Obama. Michael Ochs Archives, Getty Images, 21 Jan. 2013. Web. 25 Jan. 2013.
We used the image of Martin Luther King and President Obama next to each other on our Impact page. This image shows that MLK's dream of their being a black President one day came true.
We used the image of Martin Luther King and President Obama next to each other on our Impact page. This image shows that MLK's dream of their being a black President one day came true.
Zyglis, Adam. Cartoon. NBC News: Voter ID. Buffalo News, 19 Aug. 2012. Web. 4 Jan. 2013.
This political cartoon depicts how voter ID laws are restricting the number of voters, represented by the elephant crushing the ballot box.
This political cartoon depicts how voter ID laws are restricting the number of voters, represented by the elephant crushing the ballot box.
2012. Photograph. The Daily Beast. 25 Nov. 2012. Web. 4 Jan. 2013
This picture shows early voting lines in Columbia, South Carolina. We used this picture on our Current Barriers to Voting page.
This picture shows early voting lines in Columbia, South Carolina. We used this picture on our Current Barriers to Voting page.
Fisher, Allen. Oral interview by Priya Ramamoorthy, Kavya Ramamoorthy, Maanasa Nathan, Smrithi Mahadevan. 21 Nov. 2012.
Allen Fisher is an archivist at the LBJ Presidential Library in Austin. We had a face to face interview him when we went down to the LBJ Library archives to see documents on the Voting Rights Act of 1965. From this interview we learned a lot of background knowledge on the subject, and how it came about. He was an extremely helpful resource and gave us many links to online databases, and websites pertaining to our topic. Mr. Fisher also helped us find and sort through boxes at the archives. We used a quote from him on the Socioeconomic Impact page.
Allen Fisher is an archivist at the LBJ Presidential Library in Austin. We had a face to face interview him when we went down to the LBJ Library archives to see documents on the Voting Rights Act of 1965. From this interview we learned a lot of background knowledge on the subject, and how it came about. He was an extremely helpful resource and gave us many links to online databases, and websites pertaining to our topic. Mr. Fisher also helped us find and sort through boxes at the archives. We used a quote from him on the Socioeconomic Impact page.
Franklin, Shirley. E-mail interview by Priya Ramamoorthy, Kavya Ramamoorthy, Maanasa Nathan, Smrithi Mahadevan. 18 Mar. 2013.
Shirley Franklin was the mayor of Atlanta from 2002 - 2010. She was in Howard University during the civil rights movement of the 1960's and saw first hand the struggles of the civil rights activists. Shirley Franklin's interview gave us a good perspective on the lessons we can learn from the Voting Rights Act. She also put into context the current fights for voting rights. We used her quote on the socio-economic impact page.
Shirley Franklin was the mayor of Atlanta from 2002 - 2010. She was in Howard University during the civil rights movement of the 1960's and saw first hand the struggles of the civil rights activists. Shirley Franklin's interview gave us a good perspective on the lessons we can learn from the Voting Rights Act. She also put into context the current fights for voting rights. We used her quote on the socio-economic impact page.
Garrow, David. E-mail interview by Priya Ramamoorthy, Kavya Ramamoorthy, Maanasa Nathan, Smrithi Mahadevan. 12 Dec. 2012.
David Garrow is a research Professor of History and Law at the University of Pittsburgh School of Law. We interviewed him because he specializes in U.S. Black Freedom Struggle since 1945, and was awarded a Pulitzer Prize for one of his books. From this interview, we gained an opposing side to the question of the relevancy of the Voting Right Act in today's age; however he still points out that the signing of this law was a major turning point in history.
David Garrow is a research Professor of History and Law at the University of Pittsburgh School of Law. We interviewed him because he specializes in U.S. Black Freedom Struggle since 1945, and was awarded a Pulitzer Prize for one of his books. From this interview, we gained an opposing side to the question of the relevancy of the Voting Right Act in today's age; however he still points out that the signing of this law was a major turning point in history.
Hobbs, Allyson. E-mail interview by Priya Ramamoorthy, Kavya Ramamoorthy, Maanasa Nathan, Smrithi Mahadevan. 25 Mar. 2013.
Professor Allyson Hobbs is a specialist in African-American social and cultural history and 20th century American history. We watched a lecture she gave on the Great Migration which was broadcast on CSPAN. From that we learned that her family had migrated to the North because of discrimination in the South. We interviewed her about her family's experiences with discrimination and also asked her about the Reverse Migration that has happened as opportunities opened up for African Americans after the Voting Rights Act and Civil Right Acts were passed. She was able to get us information from her grandmother who is hundred years old.
Professor Allyson Hobbs is a specialist in African-American social and cultural history and 20th century American history. We watched a lecture she gave on the Great Migration which was broadcast on CSPAN. From that we learned that her family had migrated to the North because of discrimination in the South. We interviewed her about her family's experiences with discrimination and also asked her about the Reverse Migration that has happened as opportunities opened up for African Americans after the Voting Rights Act and Civil Right Acts were passed. She was able to get us information from her grandmother who is hundred years old.
Persily, Nathaniel. E-mail interview by Priya Ramamoorthy, Kavya Ramamoorthy, Maanasa Nathan, Smrithi Mahadevan. 28 Nov. 2012.
Nathaniel Persily is the Beekman Professor of Law and Political Science at the Columbia Law School. We interviewed him for his expertise on voting rights. He provided us with many links to articles that he had written pertaining to this topic.
Nathaniel Persily is the Beekman Professor of Law and Political Science at the Columbia Law School. We interviewed him for his expertise on voting rights. He provided us with many links to articles that he had written pertaining to this topic.
Zimmerman, Don. E-mail interview by Priya Ramamoorthy, Kavya Ramamoorthy, Maanasa Nathan, Smrithi Mahadevan. 18 Jan. 2013.
Mr. Zimmerman the Vice-President, Northwest Austin Municipal Utility District No. 1, was able to give us information on why section 5 of the Voting Rights Act is no longer needed. He was one of the forefront leaders in the Northwest Austin Municipality District against the federal government.
Mr. Zimmerman the Vice-President, Northwest Austin Municipal Utility District No. 1, was able to give us information on why section 5 of the Voting Rights Act is no longer needed. He was one of the forefront leaders in the Northwest Austin Municipality District against the federal government.
Conan, Neal, host. "Forty Years of the Voting Rights Act." Talk of the Nation. National Public Radio. 02 Aug. 2005. Radio.
We used two audio clips from the NPR show hosted by Neal Conan on our Impact page. In the clips Neal Conan is interviewing Ronald Walters, professor of government and politics and director of the African American Leadership Institute at the University of Maryland; author of Freedom is Not Enough: Black Voters, Black Candidates and American Presidential. They talk about the impact of the Voting Rights Act 40 years after it was passed.
We used two audio clips from the NPR show hosted by Neal Conan on our Impact page. In the clips Neal Conan is interviewing Ronald Walters, professor of government and politics and director of the African American Leadership Institute at the University of Maryland; author of Freedom is Not Enough: Black Voters, Black Candidates and American Presidential. They talk about the impact of the Voting Rights Act 40 years after it was passed.
Eyes On the Prize. Prod. Blackside. PBS, 2010. Television. PBS. Web. Oct.-Nov. 2012.
This documentary gave us a great selection of primary source interviews, live footage and quotes that were great assets to our Historical Context pages. It gave us a visual summary of the events leading up to the Voting Rights Act and helped us organize our story in those areas. It also provided us with the influential people during those events which helped us obtain interview contacts.
This documentary gave us a great selection of primary source interviews, live footage and quotes that were great assets to our Historical Context pages. It gave us a visual summary of the events leading up to the Voting Rights Act and helped us organize our story in those areas. It also provided us with the influential people during those events which helped us obtain interview contacts.
Grace Baptist Church Cathedral Choir. Lift Every Voice and Sing. Rec. 18 Jan. 2009. Derrick James, n.d. YouTube, 3 Feb. 2009. Web. 12 May 2013.
This is an audio track from the video of the ' Negro National Anthem' that was originally screened at the historic African-American Church Inaugural Ball in Washington, DC on January 18th, 2009. This version of the song was performed by the Grace Baptist Church Cathedral Choir, conducted by Derrick James. We used this on the Impact page because the the lyrics show the optimism of the African-Americans in recent times.
This is an audio track from the video of the ' Negro National Anthem' that was originally screened at the historic African-American Church Inaugural Ball in Washington, DC on January 18th, 2009. This version of the song was performed by the Grace Baptist Church Cathedral Choir, conducted by Derrick James. We used this on the Impact page because the the lyrics show the optimism of the African-Americans in recent times.
House Session, Part 3. CSPAN. CSPAN, 25 Feb. 2013. Web. 22 Mar. 2013.
Rep. Hakeem Jeffries and Rep. Steven Horsford led the CBC's special order on the history, importance, and challenges to the Voting Rights Act as part of the House Session. Rep. Jeffries presented arguments for why the Voting Rights Act is still relevant. We used two clips from this video on the Turning Point and Controversy over Section 5 pages.
Rep. Hakeem Jeffries and Rep. Steven Horsford led the CBC's special order on the history, importance, and challenges to the Voting Rights Act as part of the House Session. Rep. Jeffries presented arguments for why the Voting Rights Act is still relevant. We used two clips from this video on the Turning Point and Controversy over Section 5 pages.
James J. Kilpatrick Discusses the 1965 Voting Rights Act. WSLS Television, Roanoke, VA, 31 Mar. 1966. Web. 25 Mar. 2013.
In this video, James Kilpatrick, a segregationist describes why he opposes the Voting Rights Act of 1965. He viewed the Voting Rights Act as inconsistent in its dealings with illiteracy and the vote. Kilpatrick's greatest concern, which he called "humiliating," mirrored Supreme Court Justice Hugo Black's dissent; each time a city wished to change the boundaries of a voting precinct, it had to get permission from Washington. We used a clip from this video on the reactions page.
In this video, James Kilpatrick, a segregationist describes why he opposes the Voting Rights Act of 1965. He viewed the Voting Rights Act as inconsistent in its dealings with illiteracy and the vote. Kilpatrick's greatest concern, which he called "humiliating," mirrored Supreme Court Justice Hugo Black's dissent; each time a city wished to change the boundaries of a voting precinct, it had to get permission from Washington. We used a clip from this video on the reactions page.
Our 2012 Kickoff: Creating the Voting Rights Act of 2012. Dir. Why Tuesday?: Fixing Our Voting System, One Question at a Time. N.p., 7 Nov. 2011. Web. 1 Jan. 2013.
This video mainly talks about the mission of the organization Why Tuesday, and also how it was created. The part that we clipped is of them talking about how in America the percentage of people who vote is not very high.
This video mainly talks about the mission of the organization Why Tuesday, and also how it was created. The part that we clipped is of them talking about how in America the percentage of people who vote is not very high.
Palazzolo, Dan. "Regional Realignment of the South." YouTube, 16 Nov. 2010. Web. 26 Jan. 2013.
We used a snippet from the video on the Regional Realignment of the South where Dr. Palazzolo explains how the Voting Rights Act led the South to turn into a Republican majority.
We used a snippet from the video on the Regional Realignment of the South where Dr. Palazzolo explains how the Voting Rights Act led the South to turn into a Republican majority.
Seeger, Pete. We Shall Not Be Moved. Rec. 1960. N.d. Youtube. 4 Aug. 2010. Web. 31 Mar. 2013.
This song, "We Shall not be Moved", by Pete Seeger was used in the slideshow on the VRA Today page. It was a popular protest song during the Civil Rights Movement.
This song, "We Shall not be Moved", by Pete Seeger was used in the slideshow on the VRA Today page. It was a popular protest song during the Civil Rights Movement.
A Group of African-American Children Gather around a Sign and Booth to Register Voters. Digital image. Make It Count:Voters in American History. U.S History Scene, n.d. Web. 05 May 2013.
We used a picture from this website which shows registration of African-American voters. We used this picture in our Turning Point page.
We used a picture from this website which shows registration of African-American voters. We used this picture in our Turning Point page.
African-Americans votings. Digital image. Black History Milestones. A&E Television Networks, n.d. Web. 05 May 2013.
We used a picture from this website that shows African-Americans trying to vote. We used this picture in our Turning Point page.
We used a picture from this website that shows African-Americans trying to vote. We used this picture in our Turning Point page.
"APALC Advocates for Language Assistance During 2012 Election Cycle." Asian Pacific American Legal Center. N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Jan. 2013.
We used an image from the Asian Pacific American Legal Center's website to show that the Asian Americans are advocating for section 203 of the Voting Rights act, language assistance during the 2012 election cycle. We used this image on the Impact page as well as on our Thesis page. The image shows the word VOTE written in multiple languages.
AP Photo. Voting Rights March: Now and Then. N.d. Photograph. KXAN. LIN Television of Texas, 3 Mar. 2013. Web. 10 Mar. 2013.
This website provided pictures for the VRA Today page, showing the brutality seen in Selma Alabama on Bloody Sunday in 1965, as well as the re-enactment done on March 3, 2013.
We used an image from the Asian Pacific American Legal Center's website to show that the Asian Americans are advocating for section 203 of the Voting Rights act, language assistance during the 2012 election cycle. We used this image on the Impact page as well as on our Thesis page. The image shows the word VOTE written in multiple languages.
AP Photo. Voting Rights March: Now and Then. N.d. Photograph. KXAN. LIN Television of Texas, 3 Mar. 2013. Web. 10 Mar. 2013.
This website provided pictures for the VRA Today page, showing the brutality seen in Selma Alabama on Bloody Sunday in 1965, as well as the re-enactment done on March 3, 2013.
Alvarez, Lizette. "Democrats Sue to Extend Florida’s Early Voting." The New York Times. N.p., 3 Nov. 2012. Web. 13 Dec. 2012.
From this article we learned about the difficulties that long lines posed to people voting, and we also used a picture from this article. We used information and a picture from this article on the Current Barriers to Voting page.
From this article we learned about the difficulties that long lines posed to people voting, and we also used a picture from this article. We used information and a picture from this article on the Current Barriers to Voting page.
"American Civil Liberties Union." American Civil Liberties Union. N.p., n.d. Web. 25 Jan. 2013.
We used information from the Timeline of the Voting Rights Act page on the ACLU webpage to get information for the Extensions of the VRA page.
We used information from the Timeline of the Voting Rights Act page on the ACLU webpage to get information for the Extensions of the VRA page.
Barnes, Michael. "Presidential Library Opens $11 Million Exhibit That Reconsiders LBJ." Austin American-Statesman. N.p., 16 Dec. 2012. Web. 1 Jan. 2013.
This article is about new renovations at the LBJ Library which highlight President Johnson's civil rights accomplishments including the Voting Acts Right of 1965. It was through this article that we learned about the opening of these new exhibits, which we went to for more information.
Bravin, Jess. "A Showdown on Voting Rights: In Texas Case, a Divide Over How Far Minorities Have Come." The Wall Street Journal. N.p., 28 Mar. 2009. Web. 1 Jan. 2013.
This article from the Wall Street Journal is about the Supreme Court case involving the Northwest Municipal area called Canyon Creek, and its fight against Section 5 of the Voting Rights Act.
This article is about new renovations at the LBJ Library which highlight President Johnson's civil rights accomplishments including the Voting Acts Right of 1965. It was through this article that we learned about the opening of these new exhibits, which we went to for more information.
Bravin, Jess. "A Showdown on Voting Rights: In Texas Case, a Divide Over How Far Minorities Have Come." The Wall Street Journal. N.p., 28 Mar. 2009. Web. 1 Jan. 2013.
This article from the Wall Street Journal is about the Supreme Court case involving the Northwest Municipal area called Canyon Creek, and its fight against Section 5 of the Voting Rights Act.
Chan, Melissa. "Pols Push for More Languages on Ballot." Queens Courier. N.p., 15 June 2012. Web. 19 Jan. 2013.
We got a picture from the New York newspaper "Queens Courier" which shows the power of a coalition of Asian Americans to get their county's Board of Elections to provide written language assistance in Bengali, Punjabi and Hindi on ballots, signs, voter mailings, employee and volunteer training material and information on the BOE’s web site. We used this picture on our Impact page.
DiSalvo, Daniel. "The Great Reverse Migration: African-Americans Are Abandoning the Northern Cities That Have Failed Them." Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. N.p., 30 Sept. 2012. Web. 10 May 2013.
This article gave us information about the Great Reverse Migrations that brought Blacks to the South in the 90's. A reason for this move was because of the improved race relations in the South due to acts like the Voting Rights Act of 1965. We used information from this article and a painting by Daniel Marsula depecting this migration on the Economic Impact page. The picture shows some black people on top of a compass.
Forte, David F. "The Heritage Guide to The Constitution." Guide to the Constitution. N.p., n.d. Web. 2 Jan. 2013.
This website was helpful to us because it provided us with the writing and essays from many experts on American heritage. We were able to find an expert on poll tax, Professor David F.Forte, who was a great asset to the Poll Tax section of our Historical Context Page.
Gittinger, Ted, and Allen Fisher. "LBJ Champions the Civil Rights Act of 1964." Prologue Magazine. National Archives, Summer 2004. Web. 20 Mar. 2013.
We included quotes from this article on President Johnson slideshow on the Time was Right page to show how President Johnson was instrumental in getting the Voting Rights Act passed.
We got a picture from the New York newspaper "Queens Courier" which shows the power of a coalition of Asian Americans to get their county's Board of Elections to provide written language assistance in Bengali, Punjabi and Hindi on ballots, signs, voter mailings, employee and volunteer training material and information on the BOE’s web site. We used this picture on our Impact page.
DiSalvo, Daniel. "The Great Reverse Migration: African-Americans Are Abandoning the Northern Cities That Have Failed Them." Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. N.p., 30 Sept. 2012. Web. 10 May 2013.
This article gave us information about the Great Reverse Migrations that brought Blacks to the South in the 90's. A reason for this move was because of the improved race relations in the South due to acts like the Voting Rights Act of 1965. We used information from this article and a painting by Daniel Marsula depecting this migration on the Economic Impact page. The picture shows some black people on top of a compass.
Forte, David F. "The Heritage Guide to The Constitution." Guide to the Constitution. N.p., n.d. Web. 2 Jan. 2013.
This website was helpful to us because it provided us with the writing and essays from many experts on American heritage. We were able to find an expert on poll tax, Professor David F.Forte, who was a great asset to the Poll Tax section of our Historical Context Page.
Gittinger, Ted, and Allen Fisher. "LBJ Champions the Civil Rights Act of 1964." Prologue Magazine. National Archives, Summer 2004. Web. 20 Mar. 2013.
We included quotes from this article on President Johnson slideshow on the Time was Right page to show how President Johnson was instrumental in getting the Voting Rights Act passed.
"History of the Voting Rights Act & Asian Americans." Advancing Equality. Asian American Justice Center, n.d. Web. 19 Jan. 2013.
The article published by the Asian American Justice Center which showed that biggest obstacle for minorities is language barrier. VRA's language assistance (section 203) helps with this. Section 203 applies to four minority groups: American Indians, Asian Americans, Alaska Natives, and Latinos. We used this information on our Impact page.
The article published by the Asian American Justice Center which showed that biggest obstacle for minorities is language barrier. VRA's language assistance (section 203) helps with this. Section 203 applies to four minority groups: American Indians, Asian Americans, Alaska Natives, and Latinos. We used this information on our Impact page.
"James Graves Makes History as Mississippi's First Black Judge." Tea Party Tribune, 16 Feb. 2011. Web. 28 Jan. 2013.
We used information from this article which showed us that it was only in 2011 that a federal black judge from Mississippi was elected. We used a picture of Judge James Graves on the Impact page.
We used information from this article which showed us that it was only in 2011 that a federal black judge from Mississippi was elected. We used a picture of Judge James Graves on the Impact page.
Jonsson, Patrik. "Voting Rights Act: Why Many Southern States Are Glad of Supreme Court Case." The Christian Science Monitor. The Christian Science Monitor, 10 Nov. 2012. Web. 01 Jan. 2013.
This article from the Christian Science Monitor explores a current challenge for the Voting Rights Act right now, in the fact that many people feel that it is unnecessary.
Middleton, Harry. "LBJ: Still Casting a Long Shadow." Prologue Magazine. National Archives, Summer 2008. Web. 20 Mar. 2013.
We took quotes from this article on President Johnson being a visionary and used it for the slideshow on the Time was Right page.
"Our History | The Congressional Black Caucus." The Congressional Black Caucus. CBC, 1971-2013. Web. 10 Mar. 2013.
The Congressional Black Caucus' (CBC) website was useful on the Power of the Coalitions page. Pictures and information were used on the slideshow of this page, showing how the CBC helped African American's when it was first created. A picture of some of the members of the CBC was also used on the VRA Today page.
This article from the Christian Science Monitor explores a current challenge for the Voting Rights Act right now, in the fact that many people feel that it is unnecessary.
Middleton, Harry. "LBJ: Still Casting a Long Shadow." Prologue Magazine. National Archives, Summer 2008. Web. 20 Mar. 2013.
We took quotes from this article on President Johnson being a visionary and used it for the slideshow on the Time was Right page.
"Our History | The Congressional Black Caucus." The Congressional Black Caucus. CBC, 1971-2013. Web. 10 Mar. 2013.
The Congressional Black Caucus' (CBC) website was useful on the Power of the Coalitions page. Pictures and information were used on the slideshow of this page, showing how the CBC helped African American's when it was first created. A picture of some of the members of the CBC was also used on the VRA Today page.
PBS. "The Rise and Fall of Jim Crow." PBS. Public Broadcasting Service, n.d. Web. 20 Feb. 2013
This website was helpful in providing information about the Jim Crow Era and the series of events that happened during that time period. It gave us a background to the rise and fall of the Jim Crow Era and how that effected the Civil Rights Movement as a whole. This website also gave us many primary source quotes, videos and documents which really enhanced our Historical Context pages.
This website was helpful in providing information about the Jim Crow Era and the series of events that happened during that time period. It gave us a background to the rise and fall of the Jim Crow Era and how that effected the Civil Rights Movement as a whole. This website also gave us many primary source quotes, videos and documents which really enhanced our Historical Context pages.
Persily, Nathaniel. "Is the Voting Rights Act Doomed?" The New York Times 15 Nov. 2012: n. pag. The New York Times. 14 Nov. 2012. Web. 16 Dec. 2012.
This article supports the view that the Voting Rights Act is outdated and should be modified.
This article supports the view that the Voting Rights Act is outdated and should be modified.
"Policy Brief on Voter Identification." Brennan Center for Justice at New York School of Law. N.p., Sept. 2006. Web. 04 Jan. 2013.
From this article we were able to gain information for the opposition side on our Current Barriers to Voting page. This information is used under Voter ID laws under opposition.
From this article we were able to gain information for the opposition side on our Current Barriers to Voting page. This information is used under Voter ID laws under opposition.
"Protecting Our Right to Vote." League of Women Voters, Feb. 2013. Web. 26 Mar. 2013.
The league of women voters had an online pledge to support the right to vote. This was done in the wake of the Shelby County vs Holder case to remind voters to vote in every election. We also signed this pledge. We used a quote from the pledge on the So What page.
The league of women voters had an online pledge to support the right to vote. This was done in the wake of the Shelby County vs Holder case to remind voters to vote in every election. We also signed this pledge. We used a quote from the pledge on the So What page.
"Remembering the 1982 Voting Rights Act Amendments." Remembering the 1982 Voting Rights Act Amendments. African American Voices in Congress, n.d. Web. 25 Jan. 2013.
We used a quote from the African American Voices in Congress page on the 1982 Voting Rights Act extension on our Extensions to the VRA page. The 1982 extension was signed by President Reagan. This website is a project developed by the Congressional Black Caucus Foundation, Inc. President Reagan extended the key provisions in the VRA for 25 years.
We used a quote from the African American Voices in Congress page on the 1982 Voting Rights Act extension on our Extensions to the VRA page. The 1982 extension was signed by President Reagan. This website is a project developed by the Congressional Black Caucus Foundation, Inc. President Reagan extended the key provisions in the VRA for 25 years.
Scott-Heron, Gil. "How Gil Scott-Heron and Stevie Wonder Set up Martin Luther King Day." The Guardian [United Kingdom] 08 Jan. 2012: n. pag. Web.
We got information from this article about how Stevie Wonder and Gil Scott-Heron teamed up with the Black Caucus to promote the cause for making Martin Luther King's birthday a national holiday. President Reagan signed legislation to declare MLK day as a national holiday in 1983. This shows the power of the Black Caucus in advancing the minority issues. We used this information on our Impact - Power of the Coalition page.
We got information from this article about how Stevie Wonder and Gil Scott-Heron teamed up with the Black Caucus to promote the cause for making Martin Luther King's birthday a national holiday. President Reagan signed legislation to declare MLK day as a national holiday in 1983. This shows the power of the Black Caucus in advancing the minority issues. We used this information on our Impact - Power of the Coalition page.
"Should Felons Be Allowed to Vote?" Felon Voting ProCon, 18 Sept. 2012. Web. 20 Jan. 2013.
We used a quote and icon from the Felon Voting ProCon org's webpage which showed that felon voting rights are not regulated federally and some argue that the VRA section 2 mandates that the federal government should set common rules so that felons are not disenfranchised. We used this information Current Barriers to Voting page.
We used a quote and icon from the Felon Voting ProCon org's webpage which showed that felon voting rights are not regulated federally and some argue that the VRA section 2 mandates that the federal government should set common rules so that felons are not disenfranchised. We used this information Current Barriers to Voting page.
"Supreme Court Agrees to Hear Voting Rights Act Case." American Civil Liberties Union, 9 Nov. 2012. Web. 27 Jan. 2013.
ACLU is a proponent of the Voting Rights Act. We used a quote made by Laughlin McDonald, director of the ACLU Voting Rights Project defending section 5 of the VRA on the Future of section 5 page.
ACLU is a proponent of the Voting Rights Act. We used a quote made by Laughlin McDonald, director of the ACLU Voting Rights Project defending section 5 of the VRA on the Future of section 5 page.
"The Gerrymander." American Treasures of the Library of Congress. N.p., 27 July 2010. Web. 05 Jan. 2013.
From this website, we learned about the history of gerrymandering, and how it got its name. We were also able to look at a historical document, that contained a cartoon about gerrymandering.
From this website, we learned about the history of gerrymandering, and how it got its name. We were also able to look at a historical document, that contained a cartoon about gerrymandering.
"The Voting Rights Act of 1965." Civil Rights Division Home Page. U.S. Department of Justice, n.d. Web. 15 Jan. 2013.
Quotes from this page were used on the turning point page, in the slideshow explaining the enforcement of the VRA. The quotes explained both section 3 and section 4 of the law.
Quotes from this page were used on the turning point page, in the slideshow explaining the enforcement of the VRA. The quotes explained both section 3 and section 4 of the law.
"USINFO Photo Gallery." USINFO Photo Gallery. Telling Americas Story, n.d. Web. 30 Mar. 2013.
This website was very helpful for our Civil Rights Movement page because of its abundant gallery of photos of prominent events from the civil rights era such as the Montgomery Bus Boycott
This website was very helpful for our Civil Rights Movement page because of its abundant gallery of photos of prominent events from the civil rights era such as the Montgomery Bus Boycott
"Voting Rights Act (1965)." Martin Luther King and Global Freedom Struggle. Martin Luther King Jr. Research and Education Institute, n.d. Web. 15 Jan. 2013.
We used a quote from the article where Martin Luther King said that the ballot would only be an effective tool for social change if potential voters rid themselves of the fear associated with voting. We used this information on the Socioeconomic Impact page.
We used a quote from the article where Martin Luther King said that the ballot would only be an effective tool for social change if potential voters rid themselves of the fear associated with voting. We used this information on the Socioeconomic Impact page.
Wallis, Jim. "MLK and LBJ: Movements and Politicians." The Huffington Post, 16 Jan. 2008. Web. 28 Jan. 2013.
We used a quote by Jim Wallis in this article where he says that you can change a society by changing the political wind. We used this quote on the Impact page to show that the change in political winds caused by the VRA had socioeconomic impacts.
We used a quote by Jim Wallis in this article where he says that you can change a society by changing the political wind. We used this quote on the Impact page to show that the change in political winds caused by the VRA had socioeconomic impacts.
"Why You Should Care About the Voting Rights Act." The Leadership Conference: The Nation's Premier Civil & Human Rights Coalition. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Dec. 2012.
From this website, we learned about why the Voting Rights Act still matters. We used this information on our So What page. The quote talks about of voting is power, and is an important tool for Americans.
From this website, we learned about why the Voting Rights Act still matters. We used this information on our So What page. The quote talks about of voting is power, and is an important tool for Americans.
"William J. Clinton: Remarks at the Congressional Black Caucus Foundation Dinner." William J. Clinton: Remarks at the Congressional Black Caucus Foundation Dinner. N.p., 18 Sep 1993. Web. 29 Jan. 2013.
We used information from President Clinton's remarks at the Congressional Black Caucus dinner where he thanks them for their dedication and leadership to act together in the interest of their people. This shows us the power of the coalition. We used this information on the Power of the Coalitions page.
We used information from President Clinton's remarks at the Congressional Black Caucus dinner where he thanks them for their dedication and leadership to act together in the interest of their people. This shows us the power of the coalition. We used this information on the Power of the Coalitions page.
"Williams Vs Mississippi (1898)." The Rise and Fall of Jim Crow. PBS, n.d. Web. 23 Jan. 2013.
We use this website to obtain information on how society was like and the barriers to voting created during Jim Crow era. This was particularly helpful in the historical context page when describing how literacy tests disenfranchised colored voters.
We use this website to obtain information on how society was like and the barriers to voting created during Jim Crow era. This was particularly helpful in the historical context page when describing how literacy tests disenfranchised colored voters.